31 results about "Toxin binding" patented technology

PCT No. PCT/AU92/00141 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 30, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 30, 1992 PCT Filed Apr. 2, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO92/17167 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 15, 1992There are disclosed complexes and compositions for oral delivery of a substance or substances to the circulation or lymphatic drainage system of a host. The complexes of the invention comprise a microparticle coupled to at least one carrier, the carrier being capable of enabling the complex to be transported to the circulation or lymphatic drainage system via the mucosal epithelium of the host, and the microparticle entrapping or encapsulating, or being capable of entrapping or encapsulating, the substance(s). Examples of suitable carriers are mucosal binding proteins, bacterial adhesins, viral adhesins, toxin binding subunits, lectins, Vitamin B12 and analogues or derivatives of Vitamin B12 possessing binding activity to Castle's intrinsic factor.

Methods and compositions for the treatment of toxin-mediated diseases are provided herein. One aspect of the invention is oligosaccharide-based therapeutics that interact with toxins and methods of uses thereof. In one embodiment the oligosaccharide-based therapeutics of the invention comprise polymeric particles with attached oligosaccharide binding moieties. The compositions of the invention can be used in the treatment of toxin-mediated diseases such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis, including Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea.

The subject invention relates in part to the surprising and unexpected discovery that insects that are resistant to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins have measurably altered alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity as compared to insects that are susceptible to Cry toxins. This and other surprising discoveries reported herein have broad implications in areas such as managing and monitoring the development of insect resistance to B.t. toxins. For example, the subject invention provides a simple and fast assay (enzymatic or otherwise) for detecting ALP activity levels and thereby monitoring the development of resistance by insects to crystal protein insect toxins. There was no prior motivation or suggestion to go about resistance monitoring using this simple and easy approach.

Methods and processes are provided to make clinoptilolite into a water-soluble hydrolyzed form with electrolytes suitable for various administration routes for use in the detoxification and rejuvenation in environment arena, nutraceutical arena, and pharmaceutical arena This process includes oral, topical, tablet, pill formulas, biotech delivery and intravenous. Absorption of water-soluble hydrolyzed clinoptilolite fragments can aid in detoxification by binding to heavy metals, viruses and environmental toxins and can reduce reactive oxygen species and inflammation related to metals. The process and method described can provide an increase in energy, increase in growth factors that aid in hair, skin, and nail growth, and can provide an increase in focus, concentration, and memory. Water-soluble hydrolyzed, electrolyzed clinoptilolite fragments can be combined with one or more dietary supplements, including various vitamins, minerals, and sleep aids to rejuvenate the cells and the environment during and after detoxification.

The invention relates to an aptamer C201 of staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 as well as a screening method and application of aptamer C201. The aptamer C201 has a sequence of AGGGCCGAGCTCACTTGTACATAGGTCCATTAGCAGGAGCGTAAGCTAAGGCCCCGCCGGCACAATTGTGC. The screening method comprises the following steps: utilizing carboxyl magnetic beads as solid phase media based on an in-vitro SELEX screening technology of the aptamer, taking staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 as a target, screening from an ssDNA library by virtue of the staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 magnetic beadsso as to obtain the aptamer which is specifically bound to the staphylococcal enterotoxin C2. The aptamer C201 disclosed by the invention has the advantage of binding with the staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 at high affinity and high specificity.

The invention relates to aptamer C202 of staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C2 as well as a screening method and applications of the aptamer C202. The aptamer C202 has the sequence as follows: AGGGCCGAGCTCACTTGTCACGGGCACCCTAACTGGGAGGAGGCAGGATAACACCGCCGGCACAATTGTGC. The screening method comprises the step of carrying out screening from an ssDNA library through staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C2 magnetic beads based on the in-vitro SELEX screening technology of the aptamer and by taking carboxylic magnetic beads as the solid-phase medium and staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C2 as the target, and thus the aptamer in specific binding with the staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C2 is obtained. The aptamer C202 provided by the invention can be bond to the staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C2 with high affinity and high specificity.

The invention herein is related to the use of Lactobacillus reuteri strains as immune enhancing agents, methods of improving immune-function in mammals using Lactobacillus reuteri strains in products containing cells of such strains and the products as such. These strains exhibit good toxin binding and neutralizing effect, and exhibit good CD4+ cell recruitment.

The invention relates to an aptamer C203 of staphylococcal enterotoxin C2, a screening method and an application thereof. The sequence of the aptamer C203 is AGGGCCGAGCTCACTTGTCAGGTCGCCTCTTGCGCGGCGCACGGGCGGAAACGCCGCCGGCACAATTGTGC; the screening method of the aptamer C203 comprises the steps that the SELEX screening technology in vitro based on the aptamer uses carboxyl magnetic beads as a solid phase media, the staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 is used as a target, by the staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 magnetic beads, the aptamer specifically binding with the staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 is screened and obtained from the ssDNA library; the aptamer C203 is capable of binding with the staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 in a highly affiliative and highly specific mode.

A cDNA encoding a 200 kD receptor, BT-R₂, from the pink boll worm, Pectinophora gossypiella, that binds specifically to a Bacillus thuringiensis toxin has been cloned, sequenced and characterized. The minimum toxin binding fragment has been identified. The BT-R₂ cDNA permits the analysis of receptors in pink boll worm and other insects that affect crop growth and development, as well as, design assays for the cytotoxicity and binding affinity of potential pesticides. The clone and other methods described herein, permit the manipulation of natural and/or introduced homologous receptors and, thus, to specifically destroy organisms, tissues and/or cells of the target host.

The present invention relates to a method for detecting the presence of one or more bacterial toxins, capable of binding to cell membranes, in biological fluid wherein the method comprises: (i) incubating the biological fluid with a plurality of liposomes, wherein the liposomes comprise a lipid capable of binding to said one or more toxins, to provide one or more liposome-toxin conjugate; (ii) incubating said conjugates with at least one type of antibody bound to a label to provide one or more conjugate-antibody complex; wherein each type of antibody in the mixture is specific for one of the bacterial toxins whose presence is to be detected; and (iii) analysing said complexes in order to detect the presence of one or more bacterial toxins capable of binding to cell membranes. Further aspects of the invention relate to a conjugate-antibody complex useful in the methods of the invention and a kit useful for performing the method of the invention.

In some embodiments, a composition and/or method may include a rodenticide binding system formulated for safe and effective mixture into various feed rations which are fed to monogastric and ruminant animals such as poultry, swine, cows, cattle, and fish, among others. The rodenticide binding system includes novel combinations of one or more of an organoclay, an activated hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate clay, and a synthetic hectorite clay. In some embodiments, the binding composition may include organoclay, bentonite, hectorite, Leonardite, and/or any combination thereof. The toxin binding complex may effectively bind some pesticides (e.g., rodenticides) in the animal's digestive system, preventing their absorption and the consequent damages to the animal.

The invention belongs to the technical field of food detection, and discloses a method for rapidly detecting T-2 toxin in food based on nucleic acid hydrogel. The method comprises the following stepsof constructing the nucleic acid hydrogel by taking T-2 toxin aptamer as a linker cross-linking agent, wherein the horseradish peroxidase is uniformly embedded in the nucleic acid hydrogel; adding a to-be-detected sample into the nucleic acid hydrogel, wherein the concentration of the T-2 toxin in the to-be-detected sample is 0.01ng mL<-1>-10000ng mL<-1>, and the T-2 toxin aptamer is combined withthe T-2 toxin, the gel is broken to release the horseradish peroxidase; and enabling the horseradish peroxidase to catalyze hydrogen peroxide and potassium iodide within time to react to generate iodine simple substance etched gold nanorods, and computing the content of the T-2 toxin according to an absorption peak of the gold nanorods under an ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The method disclosedby the invention is convenient and sensitive to detect.

The invention discloses a rice leaf roller cadherin Cry toxin binding region coding gene with a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.14 and a coding protein with an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.15 for the first time. A toxin binding region CmCad-CR6-MPED of rice leaf roller cadherin has a binding effect with Cry1Ac toxin, can be applied to prediction of rice leaf roller Cry toxin resistance. If the nucleotide sequence of the cadherin Cry toxin binding region gene of rice leaf roller to be detected is different from SEQ ID NO.14, a rice leaf roller receptor is subjected to gene mutation, the binding capacity is reduced, and the insect has certain resistance to Cry toxin. The coding protein can also be used for screening Bt protein aiming at the rice leaf folder; and if the Bt protein to be screened and a code have high affinity, the Bt protein to be screened is inevitably inserted into the midgut BBMV of the rice leaf folder, epithelial cell membrane is broken, and the Bt toxin insecticidal protein with high toxicity to the rice leaf folder can be rapidly screened or modified.

A medicinal composition for total body detoxification is administered to a user to remove toxins from the user's body, as well as, provide hangover relief subsequent to the consumption of alcoholic beverages. The medicinal composition includes a quantity of activated charcoal and a quantity of dietary supplements; the quantity of activated charcoal and the quantity of dietary supplements being heterogeneously mixed into an orally-administrable composition. The orally-administrable composition is consumed twice a day or proportionally to the quantity of alcohol consumed. The quantity of activated charcoal binds to toxins during digestion to prevent the uptake of the toxins into the user's body. The quantity of dietary supplements replenishes beneficial nutrients to the user.