The application relates to the technical field of atmospheric
laser communication, and discloses a coherent
laser communication diversity receiving
system and method for self-adapting to an atmospheric channel, which comprises N optical amplifiers, N 90-degree optical mixers, N
phase error modules, a
phase error selection module, an optical phase-locked loop, a residual
phase noise compensation module and a coherent combining module. Each 90-degree optical mixer is used to receive one-way
signal light; the output end of the i-way
optical amplifier, the i-way 90-degree optical mixer, the i-way
phase error module, the phase error selection module, the optical phase-locked loop and the input end of the i-way
optical amplifier are sequentially connected; and the i-way
optical amplifier, the i-way 90-degree optical mixer, the i-way phase error module, the residual
phase noise compensation module and the coherent combining module are sequentially connected. The application solves the problems of low stability of optical phase-locked coherent
laser communication in an atmospheric channel and poor robustness of diversity receiving in the prior art.