Lithium-air battery mixed type ionic liquid electrolyte and its preparation method

A technology of ionic liquid and electrolyte, which is applied in the direction of fuel cell half-cells and primary battery-type half-cells, etc., can solve the problems of lithium-air battery specific capacity decline, high specific energy cycle voltage, low conductivity and solubility, etc. Achieve the effect of wide electrochemical window, increase specific capacity and charge and discharge times, and small internal resistance

Active Publication Date: 2011-10-26
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] For the organic electrolyte system, the organic solvent is used in the preparation, and the organic solvent will cause the corrosion of the negative electrode lithium due to the water content, resulting in a decrease in the specific capacity and charge-discharge efficiency of the lithium-air battery.
Solid electrolytes and gel electrolytes have good reliability and no electrolyte leakage, high specific energy, and wide cycle voltage, but most solid electrolytes have low conductivity and solubility at room temperature

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] Example 1 Preparation of Dialkylpyridine Hexafluorophosphate Ionic Liquid

[0028] Step 1: Add 100-500ml of N-picoline and the corresponding volume of n-bromobutane with a molar ratio slightly greater than 1 into a 2000ml single-necked flask, or add 100-500ml of N-ethylpyridine and a volume of bromobutane with a molar ratio slightly greater than 1 Add the corresponding volume of bromoethane into a 2000ml single-necked flask, reflux in an oil bath at a temperature of 100°C, and after reflux for 36 hours, cool down and crystallize;

[0029] Step 2: Suction filtration of the crystals obtained in Step 1;

[0030] Step 3: Add 60-300ml of acetonitrile and 120-600ml of ethyl acetate to the crystals obtained by suction filtration in Step 2, heat in an oil bath at 80°C, and reflux for 20 minutes. After the white precipitate is completely dissolved, filter while it is hot, and cool down to crystallize;

[0031] Step 4: Repeat the operations of Step 2 and Step 3 for 2 to 3 times ...

Embodiment 2 6

[0036] The preparation of embodiment 2 hexafluorophosphate dinuclear cyclic ammonium salt

[0037] Step 1: the preparation of N, N'-1-ethyl-4-butyl triethylene diammonium halide salt, C 2 h 5 Br was added dropwise in the methanol solution of triethylene diammonium, heated to reflux, and unreacted raw materials were removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain monosubstituted N-1-yl triethylene diammonium bromide salt;

[0038] Step 2: Mix monosubstituted N-1-yl triethylene diammonium bromide salt with C 4 h 9 Br or C 2 h 5 Br is made into a solution, continue to heat and reflux, and prepare N, N'-1-ethyl-4-butyl triethylene diammonium bromide salt or N, N'-1-ethyl-4 ethyl triethylene diammonium bromide Salt;

[0039] Step 3: Dissolve the prepared N,N'-1,4-diethyltriethylenediammonium bromide salt or N,N'-1-ethyl-4ethyltriethylenediammonium bromide salt in a small amount of water , was added to an aqueous solution of hexafluorophosphoric acid of equimolar mas...

Embodiment 3

[0040] The preparation of embodiment 3 mixed type ionic liquid electrolyte

[0041](1) Under an argon protective atmosphere, mix 1-methyl-3-butylpyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid with lithium hexafluorophosphate and N, N'-1-ethyl-4-butyltriethylene diammonium hexafluoro Phosphate mixed, the molar ratio of 1-methyl-3-butylpyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, lithium hexafluorophosphate and N,N'-1-ethyl-4-butyl triethylene diammonium hexafluorophosphate is 5 : 4:1, 5:3:2, 4:4:2, 3:5:2 or 4:5:1, uniformly stirred for 36 hours in a vacuum environment, and then dried in a vacuum for 24 hours to obtain the final product.

[0042] (2) Under an argon protective atmosphere, mix 1-methyl-3-butylpyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid with lithium hexafluorophosphate and N, N'-1-ethyl-4-ethyltriethylenediammonium hexafluoro Phosphate mixture, the molar ratio of 1-methyl-3-butylpyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, lithium hexafluorophosphate and N,N'-1-ethyl-4-ethyl...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium-air battery mixed type ionic liquid electrolyte and its preparation method, which belongs to the electrolyte preparation technology field. The electrolyte can be obtained by mixing dialkyl pyridines hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, organic lithium salt with hexafluorophosphoric acid double core annular quaternary ammonium salt under the protective atmosphere of argon, stirring in the vacuum environment and vacuum drying. The electrolyte has the advantages of wide electrochemistry window, high conductivity, small internal resistance and excellent hydrophobicity. The specific capacitance and charge and discharge frequency can be improved by the lithium-air battery produced by the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte has strong practicality and enables large-scale industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolyte preparation, and in particular relates to a mixed ionic liquid electrolyte for a lithium-air battery and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] With its excellent physical and chemical properties, ionic liquids, as ideal "green" solvents, new reaction media and "soft" functional materials, have become one of the most active frontier research fields of green chemistry with interdisciplinary fields. The excellent electrochemical properties of ionic liquids make them have extremely high application potential in the field of electrochemical research. Lithium-air batteries have become an energy conversion system that has attracted much attention due to their high theoretical specific capacity, specific energy, and environmental friendliness. Its cathode active material O 2 It can be obtained directly from the surrounding air. At the same time, due to Li's high theoretical spe...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M12/06
Inventor 蒲薇华蔡克迪张庆国王诚任建国高勇邓长生
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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