Preparation method of porous fiber non-woven fabric

A technology of porous fibers and non-woven fabrics, applied in the field of industrial textiles, can solve the problems of fiber mechanical performance degradation, low output, easy cracking and plugging, etc., to reduce the cost of raw materials, increase specific surface area, reduce die and heat Effect of Air Temperature

Active Publication Date: 2014-08-13
浙江省轻工业品质量检验研究院
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are still some deficiencies in the existing melt-blown technology: pure melt processing consumes a lot of energy, and the temperature of the die head and hot air often needs to exceed 260°C, which will cause polymer degradation problems; the pure melt has high viscosity and extrusion Difficulties; the requirements for the fluidity of the masterbatch melt are high, and special materials for melt-blown high-melt index are required. If it is required to use polypropylene masterbatches with a melt index exceeding 800g / 10min, it needs to be degraded by conventional polypropylene or metallocene. Produced by catalysis, the price is more than 50% more expensive than conventional polypropylene masterbatch
[0003] Existing melt-blown non-woven products still cannot meet the high-precision and high-performance filtration requirements, such as anti-smog masks, car / tank engine dust-proof, etc. If you want to further improve the use effect or performance of its products, you need to increase its specific surface area. This can be achieved by reducing the fiber diameter to the nanoscale and introducing a porous structure
Nonwoven Technologies Company has prepared polypropylene fibers with a fiber diameter of about 500nm by using a spinning hole with a diameter of 63.5μm, but this method has a low yield, and the spinneret is extremely expensive, and it is easy to crack and plug, and the production cost is too high. high
At present, domestic meltblown equipment and polypropylene raw materials cannot meet the production conditions of nanofibers
The introduction of the porous structure can be achieved by adding incompatible inorganic nanoparticles or polymers to the melt-blown polymer masterbatch, and then selectively removing the pores by solvent dissolution or calcination, but this method will lead to a significant increase in the mechanical properties of the fibers. Decline and there is a problem of incomplete dissolution

Method used

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
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  • Preparation method of porous fiber non-woven fabric
  • Preparation method of porous fiber non-woven fabric

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0032] Embodiment 1 polypropylene / liquid paraffin solid-liquid phase separation system

[0033] The polymer raw material is polypropylene T30S produced by Qilu Petrochemical, the diluent is liquid paraffin, and the extractant is n-hexane. The mass percent concentration of polypropylene is 30%. Firstly, the polypropylene and liquid paraffin are uniformly blended with a high-speed mixer at normal temperature. Then use a screw extruder to granulate, the aspect ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 42, the compression ratio is 3, the screw speed is 400rpm, the extrusion temperature is 180°C, the extrusion speed is 150kg / h, and the polypropylene / liquid is obtained by cooling in the air. Paraffin meltblown masterbatch. The masterbatch is produced by melt blowing, the process parameters are slit nozzle, spinneret diameter 0.42mm, air groove angle 30°, slit width 0.62mm, die temperature 185°C, hot air temperature 200°C, gas pressure 0.1 Mpa, the receiving distance is 15cm, the ...

Embodiment 2

[0034] Embodiment 2 polypropylene / n-butyl phthalate / n-octyl phthalate liquid-liquid phase separation system

[0035] The polymer raw material is polypropylene S1003 produced by Yanshan Petrochemical, the diluent is a mixture of n-octyl phthalate and n-butyl phthalate, and the extractant is isopropanol. The mass percentage concentration of polypropylene is 20%, the mass percentage concentration of n-octyl phthalate is 64%, and the mass percentage concentration of n-butyl phthalate is 16%. Firstly, polypropylene, n-octyl phthalate and n-butyl phthalate are blended uniformly with a high-speed mixer at room temperature. Then use a screw extruder to granulate, the aspect ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 20, the compression ratio is 4, the screw speed is 600rpm, the extrusion temperature is 200°C, the extrusion speed is 300kg / h, and the polypropylene / ortho N-octyl phthalate / n-butyl phthalate meltblown masterbatch. The masterbatch is produced by melt blowing, the process ...

Embodiment 3

[0036] Embodiment 3 polypropylene / diphenyl ether liquid-liquid phase separation system

[0037] The basic process parameters are the same as in Example 1, diphenyl ether is selected as the diluent, and the fiber surface and cross-sectional morphology are as follows: image 3 As shown, the size distribution of pores in the fiber ranges from 300nm to 650nm. This system only undergoes liquid-liquid (L-L) phase separation, and the L-L phase separation temperature is 135°C, so elliptical openings are formed on the surface of the fiber, and the cross-section of the fiber is a double continuous pore structure.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a porous fiber non-woven fabric. The aim of the preparation method is to improve the product performance of the conventional non-woven fabric, so that the non-woven fabric meets the requirements on high-precision and high-performance filter. The technical scheme is that the preparation method of the porous fiber non-woven fabric comprises the following steps in sequence: (1) uniformly mixing a polymer and a diluent to obtain a blend with 10 to 60 percent of polymer; (2) melting and extruding the blend in the step (1) by adopting a screw extruder granulator, and directly cooling and granulating in air; (3) producing master batches in the step (2) by melt-down equipment to obtain a primary non-woven fabric; (4) extracting to remove the diluent from the primary non-woven fabric in the step (3), performing pore-forming on fibers in the non-woven fabric, and drying to obtain the porous fiber non-wave fabric; (5) recovering mixed waste liquid of the diluent and an extraction agent for reuse.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of industrial textiles, and specifically relates to a method for preparing porous fiber non-woven fabrics by combining thermally induced phase separation pore-forming technology and melt blown technology. The prepared non-woven fabrics can be used for environmental protection, water treatment, and air filtration Wait. Background technique [0002] Melt-blown technology is a method of preparing ultra-fine fibers by blowing polymer melt with high-speed, high-temperature air (often close to the melting point of the polymer) to make it stretch rapidly, which can be formed into non-woven fabrics in one step. The non-woven fabric assembled by random stacking of fibers produced by melt-blown technology has very good structural properties, such as ultra-fine fibers, large specific surface area, high porosity, interconnected pore structure, and small solute diffusion resistance. Suitable for use as adsorption and filtration s...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): D04H1/70D01D5/08D01D1/04D01F6/46D01F6/48
Inventor 叶翔宇陈建华祝成炎赵欣刚杨志清楼才英金环王一薇曹丽勤
Owner 浙江省轻工业品质量检验研究院
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