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Preparation method of porous nanofiber non-woven fabric

A nanofiber, non-woven technology, applied in fiber processing, separation methods, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of decreased mechanical properties of fibers, incomplete dissolution, high viscosity of pure melt, etc., and can reduce the dissolution temperature and The effect of phase separation temperature, whipping time extension, and stability improvement

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-08-13
浙江省轻工业品质量检验研究院
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the diameter of existing melt-blown fibers is mostly between 2 and 4 μm, and there are still some difficulties in preparing nano-scale fibers. This is mainly because: pure melt viscosity is high, and jet stretching / flailing is difficult; experimental observations found that jet flow When the temperature is 2cm away from the die, the temperature drop has exceeded 200°C, and the jet solidifies rapidly
Using melt-blown equipment for polymer solution jet spinning, nano-scale fiber non-woven fabrics can be obtained, but the fibers are smooth and have no hole structure
The introduction of the porous structure can be achieved by adding incompatible inorganic nanoparticles or polymers to the melt-blown polymer masterbatch, and then selectively removing the pores by solvent dissolution or calcination; but this method will lead to a significant increase in the mechanical properties of the fiber Decrease and there is the problem of incomplete dissolution, and the fiber diameter is also at the micron level
It is reported in the literature that porous fibers are prepared by receiving the spinning jet with a non-solvent bath, but the fiber diameter is between 3 and 5 μm or even thicker; this is because if the fiber diameter reaches the nanometer level, the solvent volatilization rate is too fast to achieve Phase separation by solvent-non-solvent exchange results in only dense fibers

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0030] Example 1 Polyvinylidene fluoride / dimethylacetamide / n-butyl phthalate thermally induced solvent volatile phase separation system

[0031] The polymer raw material is polyvinylidene fluoride 6010 produced by Solvay, the good solvent in the composite diluent is dimethylacetamide, the latent solvent is n-butyl phthalate, and the extractant is ethanol. The mass percentage concentration of polyvinylidene fluoride is 20%, the mass percentage concentration of dimethylacetamide is 64%, and the mass percentage concentration of n-butyl phthalate is 16%; it is stirred and dissolved in a reactor at a temperature of 85°C to completely produce into a homogeneous solution that is stable at room temperature. The homogeneous solution is melt-blown. The process parameters are slit nozzle, spinneret diameter 0.25mm, air groove angle 30°, slit width 0.42mm, die temperature 40°C, hot air temperature 50°C, gas pressure 0.09 Mpa, the receiving distance is 25cm, the spinning speed is 100kg / h,...

Embodiment 2

[0032] Example 2 Polyvinylidene fluoride / dimethylacetamide / n-butyl phthalate thermally induced solvent volatile phase separation system

[0033] The polymer raw material is polyvinylidene fluoride 1010 produced by Solvay, the good solvent in the compound diluent is dimethylacetamide, the latent solvent is n-butyl phthalate, and the extractant is n-hexane. The mass percentage concentration of polyvinylidene fluoride is 20%, the mass percentage concentration of dimethylacetamide is 25%, and the mass percentage concentration of n-butyl phthalate is 55%. Stir and dissolve in a reactor at a temperature of 120°C to completely form a homogeneous solution, which can only exist stably at 100°C. The homogeneous solution is melt-blown, and the process parameters are slit nozzle, spinneret diameter 0.35mm, air groove angle 40°, slit width 0.55mm, die temperature 110°C, hot air temperature 120°C, gas pressure 0.2 Mpa, the receiving distance is 30cm, the spinning speed is 80kg / h, and the w...

Embodiment 3

[0034] Example 3 Polyacrylonitrile / dimethylformamide / n-tetradecyl alcohol dry solvent volatile phase inversion system

[0035] The polymer raw material is polyacrylonitrile with a number average molecular weight of 160,000, the good solvent in the composite diluent is dimethylformamide, the non-solvent is n-tetradecyl alcohol, and the extractant is acetone. The mass percent concentration of polyacrylonitrile is 15%, the mass percent concentration of dimethylformamide is 65%, and the mass percent concentration of n-tetradecyl alcohol is 20%. Stir and dissolve in the reactor at 60°C to make a homogeneous solution, which can exist stably at room temperature. The homogeneous solution is melt-blown, and the process parameters are slit nozzle, spinneret diameter 0.42mm, air groove angle 30°, slit width 0.55mm, die temperature 25°C, hot air temperature 30°C, gas pressure 0.15 Mpa, the receiving distance is 15cm, the spinning speed is 120kg / h, and the weight of the primary non-woven ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of porous nanofiber non-woven fabric, and aims to provide a method capable of realizing large-scale preparation for porous nanofiber non-woven fabric. According to the technical scheme, the preparation method of the porous nanofiber non-woven fabric comprises the following steps in sequence: (1) stirring and dissolving polymers and a combined thinning agent uniformly in a reaction kettle at the temperature of 25-150 DEG C to prepare a polymer solution with the percent concentration of 10-60%, wherein the combined thinning agent is a mixture of a good solvent and a bad solvent, the mass ratio of the good solvent to the bad solvent is between 9: 1 and 1: 9, and the boiling point of the good solvent is lower than that of the bad solvent; (2) producing the polymer solution in the first step with melting blowing equipment to obtain primary non-woven fabric; (3) extracting and removing the combined thinning agent in the primary non-woven fabric in the second step and forming pores on fibers of the primary non-woven fabric, and drying to obtain the porous nanofiber non-woven fabric.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of new nanomaterials, and specifically relates to a method for preparing porous nanofiber non-woven fabrics by combining solvent volatilization phase separation pore-forming technology with melt blown technology. The prepared non-woven fabrics can be applied to high-precision gas filtration and Water treatment field. Background technique [0002] Ultrafine fiber non-woven fabrics, especially nanofiber non-woven fabrics with a fiber diameter of less than 1000nm, have large specific surface area, small grammage, good permeability, high porosity, small pores between fibers and interpenetrating pore structure, solute It has the advantages of small diffusion resistance and is a high-performance, high-value-added fiber product. Nanofiber non-woven fabrics are widely used in sewage treatment, air purification, thermal insulation, medical and sanitation, sound insulation materials, battery separators and other fields. The gl...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): D04H1/4282D04H1/4326D04H1/4382D01D5/00B01D39/16
Inventor 叶翔宇赵欣刚楼才英陈建华杨志清沈晔严方平李简灵王一薇
Owner 浙江省轻工业品质量检验研究院
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