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Nonaqueous organic high voltage electrolyte additive, nonaqueous organic high voltage electrolyte and lithium ion secondary battery

An electrolyte additive, high-voltage technology, applied in non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte and lithium-ion secondary battery, non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte additive field, can solve the non-aqueous organic electrolyte hysteresis, battery safety performance threats , lithium-ion secondary battery cycle performance decline and other problems, to achieve the effect of improving cycle performance and discharge capacity, good cycle performance and discharge capacity, and excellent electrochemical stability

Active Publication Date: 2015-03-18
HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The high-voltage cathode materials that have been reported include LiCoPO 4 、LiNiPO 4 , and LiNi 0.5 mn 1.5 o 4 etc., its charging voltage platform is close to or higher than 5V, but the matching non-aqueous organic electrolyte seriously lags behind the development of high-voltage cathode materials, which limits the application of lithium-ion secondary batteries
e.g. 1M LiPF 6 A non-aqueous organic electrolyte dissolved in a carbonate solvent. In a high-voltage (above 4.5V) battery system, the non-aqueous organic electrolyte will undergo a side reaction with the positive electrode material during charging and then be oxidized and decomposed, resulting in CO 2 、H 2 Oxidation products such as O, CO 2 The generation of H will pose a potential threat to the safety performance of the battery; H 2 The generation of O makes the LiPF 6 / carbonate electrolyte system undergoes an autocatalytic reaction, and the generation of intermediate product HF will lead to LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 o 4 The dissolution of material metal atoms Mn and Ni causes the structure of the material to be distorted or collapsed
Ultimately, the cycle performance, volume expansion, and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion secondary battery decrease, so it cannot be applied to the high-voltage lithium-ion secondary battery system

Method used

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  • Nonaqueous organic high voltage electrolyte additive, nonaqueous organic high voltage electrolyte and lithium ion secondary battery
  • Nonaqueous organic high voltage electrolyte additive, nonaqueous organic high voltage electrolyte and lithium ion secondary battery
  • Nonaqueous organic high voltage electrolyte additive, nonaqueous organic high voltage electrolyte and lithium ion secondary battery

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0093] A preparation method of a non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte additive, comprising the following steps:

[0094] In a glove box filled with high-purity argon gas, take hexafluoroisopropanol, add it to a flask containing anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) (fill the flask to two-fifths), seal it with a rubber stopper and turn it out of the glove box. Transfer the flask to an ice bath, and under the protection of a nitrogen atmosphere, use a long needle to absorb the stoichiometric n-butyllithium / n-hexane solution, and slowly add it to the mixed solution containing hexafluoroisopropanol and THF. The whole reaction process was vigorously stirred and protected by nitrogen gas, and the reaction was stopped after about 12 hours. Then use a long needle to draw tetrachlorosilane solution (SiCl 4 ), slowly added to the mixed solution flask after the first step of reaction, the molar ratio of hexafluoroisopropanol and tetrachlorosilane was 4:1, and the reaction was carried ...

Embodiment 2

[0109] A preparation method of a non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte additive, comprising the following steps:

[0110] In a glove box filled with high-purity argon gas, take high-fluorine tert-butanol, add it to a flask containing anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) (fill the flask two fifths), seal it with a rubber stopper, and transfer it out of the glove box. Put the flask into an ice bath, and under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, use a long needle to absorb the stoichiometric n-butyllithium / n-hexane solution, and slowly add it to the mixed solution containing perfluoro-tert-butanol and THF. The whole reaction process was vigorously stirred and protected by nitrogen gas, and the reaction was stopped after about 12 hours. Then use a long needle to draw tetrachlorosilane solution (SiCl 4 ), slowly added to the mixed solution flask after the first step of reaction, the molar ratio of high fluorine tert-butanol to tetrachlorosilane was 4:1, and the reaction was c...

Embodiment 3

[0119] The preparation method of the non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte additive of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 2; the tetrachlorosilane in Example 2 is replaced by n-hexyl silicon trichloride to obtain the non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte shown in Ic. The electrolyte additive is n-hexyl-tri-high fluorine tert-butoxysilane, wherein the molar ratio of high fluorine tert-butanol to n-hexyl silicon trichloride is 3:1.

[0120]

[0121] A preparation method of non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte, comprising the following steps:

[0122] Dissolve the lithium salt LiDFOB in a non-aqueous organic solvent to obtain a 1mol / L lithium salt solution, stir at 20°C, and the non-aqueous organic solvents are ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) and methyl ethyl carbonate Ester (EMC) is a mixed solvent mixed with a volume ratio of 2:1:5;

[0123] Add the non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte additive n-hexyl-tri-high fluor...

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Abstract

A nonaqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte additive that the chemical structure as represented by formula (I), wherein Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are oxygen or organic group, and the organic group comprises one selected from alkyl, alkylene, alkyne, aryl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkylene, halogenated alkyne, and halogenated aryl; wherein i, j, q and t are 0 or 1; x, n, e and h are integers between 1 and 4, f is an integer between 0 and (2e+1), k is an integer between 0 and (2h+1), m is an integer between 0 and (2n+1), and y is an integer between 0 and (2x+1). The nonaqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte additive is oxidized and decomposed in the charging process of a high-voltage lithium ion secondary battery, thus the formation of a protective film on the surface of an anode material is promoted subsequently, so that the cycle performance and discharge capability of the lithium ion secondary battery under the high voltage can be improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium-ion secondary batteries, in particular to a non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte additive, a non-aqueous organic high-voltage electrolyte and a lithium-ion secondary battery. Background technique [0002] With the expansion of the application field of lithium-ion secondary batteries, including the introduction of new application scenarios such as large-scale energy storage power stations and base station power supply in recent years, people's demand for high-energy lithium-ion secondary batteries has become more urgent. [0003] In order to realize the high energy of lithium-ion secondary batteries, it is generally achieved by increasing the operating voltage of lithium-ion secondary batteries or developing high-energy cathode materials. The high-voltage cathode materials that have been reported include LiCoPO 4 、LiNiPO 4 , and LiNi 0.5 mn 1.5 o 4 etc., its charging voltage platform is close to...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/0525
CPCC08K5/5406H01M10/052H01M10/0567H01M10/0525H01M10/0566H01M2300/0025Y02E60/10
Inventor 许梦清邢丽丹李伟善杨同勇安伟峰
Owner HUAWEI TECH CO LTD