Ferric oxide nano material, preparation method of ferric oxide nano material, lithium ion battery negative pole and lithium ion battery

Abstract

The invention relates to a ferric oxide nano material, a preparation method of the ferric oxide nano material, a lithium ion battery negative pole and a lithium ion battery. The ferric oxide nano material comprises micro-nano tubes formed by assembling ferric oxide nanosheets, wherein the specific surface area of the ferric oxide nano material is 75.3-126.2 m<2>.g <-1>, the outer diameter of each micro-nano tube is 700-900 nm, the inner diameter of each micro-nano tube is 300-500 nm, and each micro-nano tube is 4.0-10.0 mu m long. The preparation method comprises steps as follows: mixing, conversion and calcination. The prepared Fe2O3 product in a micro-nano tube shape is red powder and has high purity and good quality. The micro-nano tubes formed by assembling the ferric oxide nanosheets have relatively large specific surface areas, and the material serving as a lithium battery negative pole material is fully contacted with an electrolyte, can remarkably relieve volume expansion and contraction in lithium intercalation and deintercalation processes and has relatively large specific capacity and better cycle performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nanometer materials, and in particular relates to a nanometer material of ferric oxide and a preparation method thereof, a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery and a lithium ion battery. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries are famous for their outstanding advantages such as high working voltage (3.7V), high specific energy, low self-discharge rate, no memory effect, long cycle life, good storage performance, wide temperature range, relative safety, reliability and environmental friendliness. It has been widely favored in the field of new energy. [0003] At present, most of the negative electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries use graphitized carbon materials, and the lithium storage capacity of graphite is relatively low, only 370mAhg -1 , It is easy to cause the decomposition of the electrolyte and the precipitation of dendrite lithium when lithium is intercalated. The dendri...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, most of the negative electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries use graphitized carbon materials, and the lithium storage capacity of graphite is relatively low, only 370mAhg -1 , it is easy to cause the decomposition of the electrolyte and the precipitation of dendrite lithium when lithium is intercalated. The dendrite is too long to pierce the separator, resulting in a short circuit of the battery, which leads to a series of safety problems.

[0004] Ferric oxide (Fe 2 o 3 ) is an n-type semiconductor oxide (Eg=2.2eV), which is a functional material with many uses, especially when it is used as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, it has a capacity of up to 1007mAhg -1 Theoretical capacity, at the same time because of its low cost, easy large-scale production, and non-toxic and non-polluting advantages, it is regarded as a very potential new generation of lithium-ion battery electrode materials, but due to the accompanying lithium intercalation and delithiation reactions The huge volume expansion and contraction, as well as the separation of the active material and the current collector, make the reversible cycle capacity of ferric oxide decay quickly

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