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Method to recycle valuable metal components in lithium-ion battery waste

A lithium-ion battery and valuable metal technology, which is applied in the field of valuable metal component recovery in waste lithium-ion battery materials, can solve the problems of low recovery rate of valuable metals, difficulty in separation, and reduced recovery rate, and achieves difficult secondary The effect of pollution, simple separation process and high recovery rate

Active Publication Date: 2018-05-25
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the pyrometallurgical process has limitations and cannot handle waste with high manganese content
During the smelting process, when the manganese element in the positive electrode material of the waste lithium-ion battery enters the slag phase, it will dissolve part of the nickel and cobalt elements, resulting in a decrease in the recovery rate of nickel and cobalt. At the same time, the pyrolysis method cannot effectively recover lithium.
The hydrometallurgy process has a wide range of applications, but the process of the hydrometallurgy process is long, and it is difficult to separate the four metal elements nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium into the solution at the same time
At the same time, a large amount of acid-base wastewater will be produced in the wet leaching process. Although the closed-circuit operation can recycle part of the wastewater, it is still difficult to avoid harm to the environment. In addition, the recovery rate of valuable metals is still low. Low

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0037] Mix the waste nickel-cobalt-manganese-manganate-lithium-ion battery material with the negative electrode graphite in a molar ratio of 1:1 (that is, the molar ratio of the positive electrode active material nickel-cobalt-manganese-manganese oxide to the negative electrode C = 1:1), and place it in a refrigerator at 800°C. Baked in a tube furnace for 2 hours. Nitrogen protection was used during the roasting process. After the reaction is completed, the composition of the solid product is metal cobalt, nickel, nickel-cobalt alloy, manganese oxide, lithium carbonate and remaining graphite. Then after the sintered product is ground, the material-to-liquid ratio L / S is 15ml g -1 Add deionized water, and place the solid-liquid mixture in the flotation tank. Carbon dioxide (flow rate: 0.3 L / min) was introduced from the bottom of the flotation cell, and hydrophobic graphite was collected above the solution. After graphite separation is completed, the remaining solid-liquid mi...

Embodiment 2

[0039] Mix waste lithium cobaltate and lithium nickelate lithium ion battery positive electrode material with negative electrode graphite in a molar ratio of 1:2 (that is, the molar ratio of (positive electrode active material lithium cobaltate+nickelate lithium) to negative electrode C=1: 2), placed in a tube furnace at 1000°C for 2 hours. Nitrogen protection was used during the roasting process. After the reaction is completed, the composition of the solid product is metal cobalt, nickel, nickel-cobalt alloy, lithium carbonate and remaining graphite. Then after grinding the sintered product, the ratio of material to liquid L / S is 10ml·g -1 Add deionized water, and place the solid-liquid mixture in the flotation tank. Carbon dioxide (flow rate: 0.1 L / min) was introduced from the bottom of the flotation cell, and hydrophobic graphite was collected above the solution. After graphite separation is completed, the remaining solid-liquid mixture in the flotation cell is filtered...

Embodiment 3

[0041]Mix waste nickel-cobalt lithium manganese oxide and lithium cobalt oxide mixed lithium-ion battery material with negative electrode graphite in a molar ratio of 4:5 (that is, the molar ratio of (positive active material nickel-cobalt lithium manganese oxide + lithium cobalt oxide) to negative electrode C =1:2), placed in a tube furnace at 900°C for 1 hour. The roasting process was protected by argon. After the reaction is completed, the composition of the solid product is metal cobalt, nickel, nickel-cobalt alloy, manganese oxide, lithium carbonate and remaining graphite. Then after grinding the sintered product, the material-to-liquid ratio L / S is 20ml·g -1 Add deionized water, and place the solid-liquid mixture in the flotation tank. Carbon dioxide (flow rate: 0.5 L / min) was introduced from the bottom of the flotation cell, and hydrophobic graphite was collected above the solution. After graphite separation is completed, the remaining solid-liquid mixture in the flo...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method to recycle valuable metal components in lithium-ion battery waste. The method comprises: mixing well lithium-ion cathode and anode wastes, and performing thermal treatment at 800-1000 DEG C; grinding the sintering product, performing soaking-floatation treatment, reclaiming graphite floated up, filtering the rest solid-liquid mixture, and drying; reclaiming lithiumcarbonate from the filtrate by means of precipitating or evaporative crystallization; subjecting the solid material to electrochemical dissolution, and extracting the metal resources, nickel and cobalt. The method has the advantages that waste lithium-ion battery anode graphite is made full use as a reducing agent, the lithium resource in the anode material is reclaimed, and waste is maximally utilized; the high-value metal resources, such as nickel, cobalt and lithium, are selectively extracted, and the separation process is simple; the method rarely produces massive acidic-alkaline wastewater and is highly worthy of industrial application.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of waste battery recycling, in particular to a method for recycling valuable metal components in waste lithium ion battery materials. technical background [0002] With the increasing number of lithium-ion batteries year by year, the recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries has attracted more and more attention. Waste lithium-ion batteries contain a large amount of metal resources such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium, aluminum, and copper. Improper disposal will not only cause waste of resources, but also the toxic heavy metal ions in waste lithium-ion batteries are likely to pollute soil and rivers, and even directly endanger human health through the biological chain. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out harmless treatment of waste lithium-ion batteries and recover the valuable metal components in order to realize the recycling of resources. [0003] Pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy are the two most comm...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/54
CPCH01M10/54Y02W30/84
Inventor 杨越孙伟胡岳华宋绍乐
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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