A kind of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst. The catalyst comprises a carrier and active components, wherein the carrier adopts nitrogen doped hollow carbon cage; the active componentsare distributed on the surface of the carrier; the active components belong to metallic oxide nanometer particles; metallic oxide adopts iron oxide or cobalt oxide; the carrying capacity of the metallic oxide is 5 to 51wt percent based on the percentage of metal elements to the carrier; the content of nitrogen in the nitrogen doped hollow carbon cage is 5 to 20at percent. The catalyst takes the nitrogen doped hollow carbon cage with high content of nitrogen as the carrier, nitrogen atom in the carrier has anchoring effect on the metallic oxide, the interaction between the carrier and the active components can be improved, moreover the nitrogen atom has alkalinity, the surface alkalinity of the carrier is improved, and meanwhile the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst with high selectivity,good sintering resistance and high stability is obtained through the combination of the nitrogen atom, the unique structure of the carrier and the active components.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, in particular to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Fischer Tropsch Synthesis refers to the synthesis of synthesis gas (H 2 And CO) are converted to hydrocarbons in a heterogeneous catalytic reaction process, which can be used to produce light olefins (C ＝ 2 -C 4 ＝ ), gasoline, diesel, paraffin and other oxygenated organic products. Syngas has a wide range of raw materials, which can be obtained from coal, natural gas, shale gas and biomass raw materials. The indirect conversion of coal, natural gas, shale gas and biomass raw materials into fuels and chemical products through Fischer-Tropsch synthesis has strong development prospects, especially for the optimized utilization of fossil energy such as coal, natural gas, and shale gas. The adjustment of the energy structure has important strategic significance. [0003] C...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, the commonly used Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts are mainly based on oxides (such as Al 2 o 3 , SiO 2 etc.) as the carrier iron-based catalyst, but due to the strong force between the carrier and the active component, the active component is difficult to reduce and is not easy to form catalytically active iron carbide, or the iron carbide is easily oxidized to inactive in the reaction process. Silicate and aluminate, etc. lead to unstable catalyst performance and easy deactivation

Recent studies have shown that new carbon materials (such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), ordered mesoporous carbons, and graphenes) with high specific surface area, excellent chemical stability, and tunable pore structure etc.) Catalysts loaded with Fe exhibit higher C 2 ＝ -C 4 ＝ However, the stability of this type of catalyst is still poor. Due to the weak interaction between the carbon material support and the iron active component, this type of catalyst is easy to sinter, which leads to serious deactivation of the catalyst in a short time.

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