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Polyimide nano-fiber aerogel, preparation method thereof and application of aerogel

A nanofiber and polyimide technology, applied in the field of polyimide nanofiber aerogel and its preparation, can solve the problems of polyimide aerogel application without reports of substantive content, and achieve high Effect of reusability, high reusability, rich source of raw materials

Active Publication Date: 2019-05-10
BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, there is no substantive report about the application of polyimide airgel in the field of oil-water separation.

Method used

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  • Polyimide nano-fiber aerogel, preparation method thereof and application of aerogel
  • Polyimide nano-fiber aerogel, preparation method thereof and application of aerogel
  • Polyimide nano-fiber aerogel, preparation method thereof and application of aerogel

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preparation example Construction

[0044] The invention provides a kind of preparation method of polyimide nanofiber airgel, and this preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0045] (1) polyamic acid solution is provided;

[0046] The polyamic acid solution used in the present invention can be prepared by using solid polyamic acid and a solvent that can dissolve polyamic acid, or can be prepared by polymerizing dianhydride monomers and diamine monomers. The dianhydride monomer can be selected from any one or more of pyromellitic dianhydride, biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, benzophenone tetraacid dianhydride, diphenyl ether tetraacid dianhydride, and the diamine monomer can be Select diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diphenyl ether diamine, p-phenylenediamine, 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzoxazole, 2-(4-aminophenyl) -Any one or more of 5-aminobenzimidazole, m-phenylenediamine and 4,4',-diaminobenzoanilide. Of course, other dianhydride monomers and / or diamine monomers that can be polymerized to produce...

Embodiment 1

[0081] Step 1: dissolving diamine monomer and dianhydride monomer in dimethylacetamide, and obtaining 25wt% polyamic acid solution by polymerization;

[0082] Step 2: Electrospinning is used to spin the polyamic acid solution into polyamic acid nanofibers with a diameter of 500nm; the parameters of the electrospinning equipment are voltage 20kV, distance 20cm, and needle No. 19;

[0083] Step 3: the polyamic acid nanofibers are evenly dispersed in the aqueous solution, the mass fraction of the polyimide nanofiber aqueous solution is 1 wt%, and freeze-dried to obtain the polyamic acid nanofiber airgel;

[0084] Step 4: imidize the polyamic acid nanofiber airgel at 350° C. for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a hydrophobic superelastic polyimide nanofiber airgel.

[0085] figure 1 with figure 2 A photograph of the material prepared by this method is shown. image 3 with Figure 4 SEM image of the material prepared for this method. Figure 5 Water contact angle plo...

Embodiment 2

[0089] Step 1: dissolving diamine monomer and dianhydride monomer in dimethylacetamide to prepare a 15wt% polyamic acid solution;

[0090] Step 2: Use electrospinning equipment to spin the polyamic acid solution into polyamic acid nanofibers with a diameter of about 500nm; the parameters of the electrospinning equipment are voltage 20kV, distance 20cm, and needle No. 19;

[0091] Step 3: the polyamic acid nanofibers are uniformly dispersed in the aqueous solution, the mass fraction of the polyimide nanofiber aqueous solution is 1 wt%, and the polyamic acid nanofiber airgel is obtained by freeze-drying;

[0092] Step 4: imidize the polyamic acid nanofiber airgel at 350° C. for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a hydrophobic superelastic polyimide nanofiber airgel.

[0093] The results showed that when the concentration of the polyamic acid solution was 15wt%, the diameter of the polyamic acid nanofibers prepared by electrospinning decreased, and the compressive strength...

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Abstract

The invention relates to polyimide nano-fiber aerogel, a preparation method thereof and an application of the aerogel. The preparation method includes the steps: providing polyamide acid solution; preparing polyamide acid nano-fibers from the polyamide acid solution by an electrostatic spinning method; dispersing the polyamide acid nano-fibers in liquid, and freeze-drying the liquid containing thepolyamide acid nano-fibers to obtain the polyamide acid nano-fiber aerogel; performing imidization on the polyamide acid nano-fiber aerogel to obtain the polyimide nano-fiber aerogel. The polyimide nano-fiber aerogel has excellent mechanical flexibility, efficient oil-water separation for different oil and organic solvents, antifouling and self-cleaning characteristics and high reusability. A preparation process of the aerogel is simple and easy to implement, and raw materials are rich in source and low in cost. The aerogel can be used for the fields of large-scale separation and purificationof industrial oil and water (oil-water emulsion), large-scale filtration and separation of organic liquid / water and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of functional materials, in particular to a polyimide nanofiber airgel and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] In recent years, the pollutants produced by industrial oily wastewater and crude oil leakage during crude oil extraction and transportation have increased rapidly, which has brought great harm to the ecological environment. The sources of oily wastewater are very extensive, among which the oily wastewater discharged from the petroleum industry and solid fuel thermal processing industry is the main source. The main pollutants of oily wastewater are various hydrocarbon compounds alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons, among which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are carcinogenic. These pollutants enter the water cycle without reasonable treatment, causing serious pollution to water resources. [0003] The current industrialized methods for oil-water separat...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01J13/00B01D17/022
Inventor 张如炳侯先波
Owner BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIV
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