Three-dimensional composite potassium metal negative electrode and preparation method and application thereof

A three-dimensional composite and metal negative electrode technology, applied in the direction of negative electrodes, battery electrodes, active material electrodes, etc., can solve the problem that it is difficult to obtain high stability and high safety composite potassium metal negative electrodes, which hinders the large-scale application of metal potassium negative electrodes, and cannot achieve suppression Dendrite growth and other problems, to achieve the effect of easy operation of the preparation method, reduction of local current density, and stable structure

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-01-03
TIANJIN UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, in practical applications, due to the higher electrochemical activity of potassium metal, repeated electrochemical deposition and stripping processes can lead to severe volume expansion and uncontrollable dendrite growth, resulting in an unstable solid-state electrolyte film (SEI) on the surface of the negative electrode. , resulting in a decrease in Coulombic efficiency, poor electrochemical stability, and even a safety hazard due to internal short circuits, which seriously hinder the large-scale application of metallic potassium anodes.
However, under the high current working conditions in practical applications, the above problems will be more serious
In recent years, in order to design stable potassium metal anodes, researchers have proposed including electrolyte composition and concentration control, constructing artificial SEI and composite metal potassium anodes, but none of them can achieve the goal of inhibiting dendrite growth and alleviating volume expansion.
[0004] The traditional electrochemical deposition preparation method is difficult to control the morphology of metal potassium and the growth of dendrites, so it is difficult to obtain a highly stable and safe composite potassium metal anode

Method used

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  • Three-dimensional composite potassium metal negative electrode and preparation method and application thereof
  • Three-dimensional composite potassium metal negative electrode and preparation method and application thereof
  • Three-dimensional composite potassium metal negative electrode and preparation method and application thereof

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0026] Example 1: Microporous carbon nanofibers are prepared by electrospinning technology, configure 8wt.% polyacrylonitrile N,N-dimethylformamide solution, set the electrospinning parameter voltage to 14KV, the distance between the injector and the collector The distance was 15cm, the solution flow rate was 0.6mL / h, and the polyacrylonitrile precursor film was prepared after four hours. The polyacrylonitrile film was placed in a tube furnace, pretreated at 280°C for 3 hours in an air atmosphere, and then carbonized at 600°C for 2 hours in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen to prepare a microporous carbon nanofiber film. Then the microporous carbon nanofibers were placed in the cavity of the atomic layer deposition equipment, with (dimethylamino) tin as the precursor, the flow rate of the carrier gas nitrogen was 40 sccm, the temperature was set at 170 ° C, and the reaction time was 2 h. where SnO 2 Evenly wrapped on the surface of carbon nanofibers. The SnO 2 / PCNF composite...

Embodiment 2

[0027] Embodiment 2: The difference between embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that the fiber film stabilized in the air atmosphere is calcined at 800° C. in a high-temperature inert atmosphere to prepare microporous carbon nanofibers; the reaction time of atomic layer deposition is 5h, and other The parameters remain the same. where SnO 2 uniformly wrapped on the surface of carbon nanofibers. The SnO 2 / PCNF composites can directly absorb hot-melt metal potassium to obtain a three-dimensional composite potassium metal anode.

Embodiment 3

[0028] Embodiment 3: The difference between embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 is that the fiber film stabilized in the air atmosphere is calcined at 1000 ° C in a high temperature inert atmosphere to prepare microporous carbon nanofibers; the reaction time of atomic layer deposition is 8h, and other The parameters remain the same. where SnO 2 uniformly wrapped on the surface of carbon nanofibers. The SnO 2 / PCNF composites can directly absorb hot-melt metal potassium to obtain a three-dimensional composite potassium metal anode.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of metal electrodes, and particularly relates to a preparation method and an application of a three-dimensional composite potassium metal negative electrode. The three-dimensional composite potassium metal negative electrode comprises a SnO2 / PCNF composite material and metal potassium covering the SnO2 / PCNF composite material. The composite potassium metal negative electrode is simple and convenient in preparation method, smooth in morphology and stable in structure. High-conductivity three-dimensional microporous carbon nanofibers not only can reduce the local current density and induce uniform deposition of potassium ions, but also can relieve huge volume expansion in the potassium metal deposition / separation process and are beneficial to the preparation of a potassium metal negative electrode with high cycling stability. The three-dimensional composite potassium metal negative electrode material is prepared by hot melting, and the preparation method is simple and easy to operate, low in energy consumption, low in price and capable of being applied on a large scale.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of metal electrodes, and in particular relates to a preparation method and application of a three-dimensional composite potassium metal negative electrode. Background technique [0002] In order to overcome the environmental pollution caused by the burning of fossil fuels and meet the ever-increasing energy demand of human beings, the development of environmentally friendly, high energy density and low-cost energy storage technologies has become a research hotspot in recent years. Among alternative energy storage systems, potassium-ion batteries stand out among many battery systems due to their abundance in nature, low standard chemical potential, and similar working principle to lithium-ion batteries. [0003] So far, anode materials for potassium-ion batteries have been fully studied, including carbon-based materials, alloy materials, organic compounds, etc., but the problems of low reversible specific capacity and ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/054
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/366H01M4/381H01M4/628H01M10/054H01M2004/021H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 许运华赵鑫鑫
Owner TIANJIN UNIV
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