Seawater atomization cyclone desalination equipment system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a seawater atomization cyclone desalination equipment system and method. The seawater atomization cyclone desalination equipment system comprises an atomization desalination tower, an atomization device arranged in the atomization desalination tower and used for atomizing and spraying high temperature seawater, and a brine chamber arranged at the bottom of the atomizationdesalination tower, wherein the atomization device is connected with a gas preheating device arranged outside a tank body; and the upper part of the tank body is provided with a water condensing device and a fan which are used for sucking atomized fresh water out of the tank body by utilizing a negative pressure principle and collecting the fresh water, wherein the water condensing device is connected with the fan, and the brine chamber is connected with a salt extracting device. The invention also comprises a method for desalinating seawater by using the seawater atomization cyclone desalination equipment system. The equipment system is low in investment, simple in structure, small in occupied area, low in operation energy consumption (less than 4kW.h per m<3>of fresh water), high in water yield, low in seawater desalination cost and easy to popularize.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to an equipment system and method for seawater atomization cyclone desalination. Background technique [0002] At present, China's fresh water reserves are about 2.8 trillion tons, accounting for about 6% of the world's total water resources. The per capita fresh water accounts for less than 2300 tons of water, which is less than 1 / 4 of the world's per capita water. It is the country with the poorest per capita water resources in the world. one. The huge population base has exacerbated the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources. [0003] At the same time, the spatial distribution of my country's water resources is extremely uneven, forming an obvious pattern of more in the east and less in the west, and more in the south and less in the north. About two-thirds of the major cities in the country are short of water, and nearly one-fifth of the citie...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0010] (1) Low-temperature multiple-effect distillation technology (LT-MED): Fresh water is produced by multiple low-temperature distillation and condensation of seawater, but the outer wall of the heat exchange tube is prone to fouling, and the improvement of thermal efficiency is limited by low temperature (≤70°C). Huge, relatively high investment

[0011] (2) Multi-stage flash technology (MSF): Seawater is condensed after pretreatment and disinfection and multi-stage flash evaporation by steam heating to produce fresh water. High, high project investment, low operating flexibility of equipment, difficult to adapt to projects with large changes in water production, and will cause thermal pollution to the marine environment

[0012] (3) Compressed steam distillation (VC): The steam generated by hot seawater is pressurized twice and condensed into fresh water. This system has high requirements for sealing and seawater pretreatment. It is easy to scale and consumes heat and electricity. High, the equipment volume is also large, the operating cost is high, and it will cause thermal pollution to the marine environment

This method has high requirements for seawater pretreatment, large loss of membrane modules, and the membrane flux is sensitive to temperature. It needs to be equipped with a large number of high-quality corrosion-resistant auxiliary materials (stainless steel pipes, plates and titanium metal pipes), and the cost of fresh water treatment is relatively high.

[0015] (2) Electrodialysis technology (ED): uses potential difference to move and separate salt and water in a directional way, and its operating energy consumption is relatively high (generally 17-20kW·h / m 3 ), and it is difficult to remove salts with low dissociation degree, non-dissociated substances and bacteria, etc., and the product water quality is poor

[0024] The fifth category is oil separation and desalination method, such as mixing coconut oil and seawater to heat up, condensing and separating to remove salt, but the efficiency is low and it is easy to cause secondary pollution

Secondly, due to the addition of various chemicals in the desalination process of the concentrated brine generated by the existing seawater desalination project, there are no corresponding comprehensive utilization and disposal measures in the follow-up, and the concentrated brine is directly discharged into the ocean, which has a great impact on the ecological environment of the ocean.

[0025] Obviously, the existing seawater desalination technologies all suffer from high engineering cost, large equipment footprint, high seawater pretreatment requirements, complicated process, high energy consumption, high water production cost, low freshwater separation efficiency, or freshwater effluent. Technical problems such as low quality

Moreover, in the existing technology, the concentrated seawater is directly discharged into the ocean, which affects the marine ecological environment. It is still necessary to consider the extraction and deep processing of chemical resources from the concentrated seawater after seawater desalination, so as to form an industrial chain for comprehensive utilization of seawater, and the development of circular economy is also imminent.

[0026] On the other hand, the current process of directly extracting salt or potassium salt from seawater or salt lake brine is complex and requires a large investment, and is almost limited to salt or potassium salt extraction, and does not involve seawater desalination treatment

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