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Preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material, silicon-carbon composite material and application thereof

A silicon-carbon composite material and composite material technology, applied in the field of lithium-ion batteries, can solve the problems of deterioration of capacity and cycle performance in the first cycle, complicated process flow, large economic cost, etc., to avoid loss of electrical contact, simple process, and low cost. Effect

Pending Publication Date: 2022-02-15
JILIN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, SiO x Although the cycle stability is improved compared with simple Si, SiO x It still has a certain expansion effect, which causes it to encounter the same problems as pure Si during the charge and discharge process, and the first cycle capacity and cycle performance will deteriorate to a certain extent.
In addition, the direct synthesis of SiO x It is difficult, and SiO is often used in industry 2 It is obtained by condensing with Si after sublimation under high temperature and high vacuum conditions (xSiO 2 +(2-x)Si→2SiO x ,0

Method used

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  • Preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material, silicon-carbon composite material and application thereof
  • Preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material, silicon-carbon composite material and application thereof
  • Preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material, silicon-carbon composite material and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0044] A method of preparing a silicone composite material, prepared by the following steps:

[0045] S1, carbon layer cover: The carbon source and silicon source are mixed in a certain proportion, and the carbon source is covered with the silicon source; that is, the SiO coated with a carbon layer 2 / C composite material;

[0046] The carbon layer is covered by a liquid phase method or a gas phase method, wherein the liquid phase includes the following steps:

[0047] a. Preparation of a carbon source solution having a concentration of 200 to 500 g / L (carbon source is sucrose, glucose, starch, citric acid, ascorbic acid one or several), the mass fraction of 0.045 to 0.075 is 98% Preparation of concentrated sulfuric acid;

[0048] b. Add a silicon source to the solution (commercial silica or natural mineral, such as kaolinite, diatomaceous earth, such as kaoli, diatomaceous earth, such as kaolinite, diatomaceous earth, such as kaolinite, diatomaceous) One or several composition...

Embodiment 1

[0059] Silicon source selection montmorillonite, carbon source selects sucrose, metal reducing agent to select aluminum powder;

[0060] S1 carbon layer cover:

[0061] a. Preparation of 200 g / l sucrose solution, concentrated sulfuric acid is added thereto in a volume ratio of 0.061;

[0062] b. Take a certain solution to add silicon sources to the obtained S1 solution in montmorillonite: sucrose mass ratio of 1: 1, stir for 2 h, heating in an oven to 100 ° C, heat insulation for 5 h, then continues to heat up to 160 ° C , Heat insulation 7h, natural cooling after cooling;

[0063] c. Take the amount of B in argon under argon under argon to heat up to 700 ° C, after holding up for 6 hours, obtain SiO 2 / C composite material;

[0064] S2 low temperature reduction: in a glove box (argon atmosphere), 1G SiO 2 / C, 0.6 g Al, 8 g of anhydrous aluminum chloride is loaded into the reactor, then placed in an oven, 250 ° C for 5 h, natural cooling to obtain product SiO x / C;

[0065] S3...

Embodiment 2

[0072] Silicon source selects kaolin, carbon source selects sucrose, metal reducing agent to select magnesium powder;

[0073] S1 carbon layer cover:

[0074] a. Preparation of 300 g / L of sucrose solutions, concentrated sulfuric acid is added thereto in a volume ratio of 0.051;

[0075] b. Take a certain solution, in kaolin: Citricate ratio is 1: 0.05 to the obtained S1 solution, after stirring for 4 h, heating to 110 ° C in an oven, heat insulation for 4 h, then continues to heat up to 165 ° C, Insulation for 6 h, naturally cooling after cooling;

[0076] c. Take the B-producing product by 8 ° C / min at a rate of 8 ° C / min under nitrogen protection to 900 ° C, after holding it for 5 h, obtain SiO 2 / C composite material;

[0077] S2 low temperature reduction: in a glove box (argon atmosphere), 1.4g SiO 2 / C, 0.7 g mg, 7 g of anhydrous aluminum chloride is placed in the reactor, then placed in an oven, 230 ° C for 7 h, natural cooling to obtain product SiO x / C;

[0078] S3...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a silicon-carbon composite material, the silicon-carbon composite material and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a carbon source and a silicon source according to a certain proportion, and coating the silicon source with the carbon source to obtain a carbon-layer-coated SiO2 / C composite material; putting the obtained SiO2 / C composite material and a reducing agent into a reaction kettle for reaction, and naturally cooling to obtain a product SiOx / C; and carrying out acid pickling, etching, washing and drying on the obtained product to obtain the SiOx / C composite material. According to the method, the SiOx material can be simply and conveniently prepared, the expansion effect of the SiOx material can be relieved, and the conductive effect is improved. In addition, the SiOx / C composite material prepared by the method can keep the morphology of a precursor silicon source, and has certain advantages for preparing the SiOx / C material with special morphology. The SiOx / C composite material with different morphologies prepared by the method is used as a lithium ion negative electrode material, and the cycle performance of a lithium ion battery can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and more particularly to a method of preparing a silicone composite material, a silicone composite material and its application thereof. Background technique [0002] With the rapid consumption of oil, natural gas and other non-renewable energy and the increasing evolution of the ecological environment, humans can only improve the efficiency of energy in the continuous improvement of energy. Therefore, the storage and release of energy will be increasingly required. Compared to conventional secondary batteries such as lead storage batteries, nickel-chromium batteries, the lithium-ion battery has a monomer voltage, larger energy, long cycle life, and environmentally friendly, and thus quickly in mobile phones, laptops and other portable electronic consumer goods. The market occupies an important position and has become an indispensable part of people in everyday life. At present, ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/583H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/362H01M4/386H01M4/583H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 高钱张宇龙王宏超
Owner JILIN UNIV
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