The invention discloses a thin film structure reinforcing band layout optimization method and system based on a genetic algorithm, and belongs to the technical field of thin film structures. The layout optimization method comprises the following steps: s1, setting reinforcing band design parameters, and constructing layout optimization parameters; s2, setting genetic algorithm parameters, and initializing a population; s3, decoding the population to obtain a strengthening band layout optimization parameter, establishing a nonlinear finite element model, and solving at the same time; s4, calculating a target function based on a solving result; s5, calculating the fitness by using the target function, and judging whether a stop criterion is met or not; s6, if the stop criterion is not met, performing selection, crossover and mutation operation on the population, and repeating the steps S3 to S5; and s7, if a stop criterion is met, ending the circulation, and outputting an optimal individual. According to the method, the thin film structure reinforcing band layout is optimized through the genetic algorithm, wrinkles of the thin film structure can be effectively avoided, and the performance of the thin film structure is improved.