A hanging chain structure for a pendent lamp includes a plurality of hanging rings connected with each other. Each of the hanging rings includes a hook body, and a stop member pivotally mounted on the hook body. Thus, the hanging rings are connected with each other easily and rapidly, so that the hanging chain structure is assembled easily and rapidly, thereby facilitating the operator mounting the hanging chain structure. In addition, the hanging chain structure is combined with the pendent lamp and the ceiling easily and rapidly, thereby facilitating the operator mounting the pendent lamp to the ceiling.