Method for extracting rare noble metals

A technology for rare and precious metals and metals, which is applied in the field of extracting platinum group metals and rare earth lanthanum and cerium in waste automobile catalysts. It can solve the problems of high-pressure steam leakage, low rhodium extraction rate, and low sampling representativeness, and achieve low consumption and high results. Good reproducibility and high equipment requirements

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-11-23
沈少波
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, the extraction rate of rhodium in the autocatalyst is not high by the fire assay gold method, which is generally lower than 90%.
Second, this method has many steps and takes a long time (usually 4 days)
Third, the fire assay gold method needs experience to adjust the experimental conditions according to the sample, and the reproducibility is poor
However, the sampling volume of this method is only about 0.1 gram, and the sampling representativeness is low, which is easy to cause large errors
Second, metal rhodium in the catalyst is difficult to dissolve in acid, resulting in low extraction rate of rhodium and large analysis errors
Third, often due to the poor sealing of the PTFE container, the high-pressure steam of the sample leaks, which leads to analysis errors

Method used

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  • Method for extracting rare noble metals
  • Method for extracting rare noble metals
  • Method for extracting rare noble metals

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050] Mix 5.00 g of expired automobile catalyst dry powder with a particle size of 0.1-0.05 mm and 0.50 g of NaCl dry powder with a particle size of 0.1-0.05 mm, and put them into the reaction tube located in the constant temperature zone of the upper and lower open tube furnace. Then, the temperature of the tube furnace was raised to 400° C. under the condition of argon, and then the argon was switched to oxygen, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour to oxidize the pretreated mixed material. The oxygen was switched to argon, and then the temperature of the tube furnace was raised to 680 °C under the condition of argon. Then switch the argon gas to the mixed gas of chlorine gas and carbon monoxide, and react for 2 hours to chlorinate the platinum group metal platinum rhodium palladium and the rare earth lanthanum cerium in the mixed material. The mass flow ratio of chlorine gas and carbon monoxide is controlled at Cl 2 / CO=1, the sum of the two mass flows is 500mL / min....

Embodiment 2

[0057] Except that the catalyst is not pretreated by oxygen oxidation, all the others are the same as in Example 1, and the results are listed in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, without the oxygen oxidation pretreatment catalyst, the extraction rate η of platinum palladium chloride still reaches 93%, and the extraction rate η of rhodium, lanthanum and cerium reaches about 95%, which also has a good extraction effect, but cannot meet the requirements of quantitative analysis.

[0058] Table 2 Extraction of precious metals and rare earth metals in spent catalysts (without oxidation pretreatment)

[0059] PD 106

Embodiment 3

[0061] Except not adding NaCl, all the other are the same as Example 1, and the results are listed in Table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, when NaCl is not added, the extraction rate η of platinum, rhodium, palladium, lanthanum, and cerium is less than 80%, which illustrates the importance of adding metal chlorides in the present invention.

[0062] Table 3 Extraction of precious metals and rare earth metals in spent catalysts (without NaCl)

[0063] PD 106

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for extracting rare noble metals, which comprises the following steps: mixing the raw material containing rare noble metals with metal chloride; treating the mixture with a chlorine/carbon monoxide gas mixture at about 450-800 DEG C; cooling the mixture, and extracting with hydrochloric acid; and filtering and washing. The method has the advantages of high extraction rate, good reproducibility and low time consumption, can be used for basically recycling rare noble metals in the raw material, and can also be used for accurate quantitative analysis on the metals in the raw material. The method provided by the invention is especially used for treating waste automobile catalysts.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a method for extracting rare and precious metals, more particularly to a method for extracting precious metals such as platinum group metals, rare earth metals such as lanthanum cerium and rare metals such as vanadium gallium, especially the method for extracting platinum group metals and rare earth lanthanum cerium in waste automobile catalysts . Background technique [0002] Rare and precious metals include precious metals, rare earth metals and rare metals. Among them, there are 8 kinds of precious metals, which are gold, silver, platinum, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium, iridium, and osmium, among which platinum, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium, iridium, and osmium are also called platinum group metals. There are 17 kinds of rare earth metals, they are lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, ytt...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B1/06C22B3/10C22B11/00C22B59/00
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 沈少波
Owner 沈少波
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