Preparation method for dendritic-nanometer-structure polyaniline air-sensitive sensor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors and relates to a preparation method for a dendritic-nanometer-structure polyaniline air-sensitive sensor. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nanometer fiber (namely an insulation high polymer material) by an electrostatic spinning method, immersing the PMMA nanometer fiber serving as a reaction template or a basement into polyaniline reaction solution doped with sulfosalicylic acid, wrapping a layer of conduction polyaniline on the surface of the PMMA nanometer fiber by in-situ polymerization, and forming a dendritic nanometer structure in self assembly on the surface of the polyaniline wrapping layer by controlling reaction time, polymerization temperature, and a reaction condition of molar ratio between an aniline monometer and a doping agent, so as to obtain coaxial-structure polyaniline fiber, wherein the contact area between the coaxial-structure polyaniline fiber and gas to be tested is large. The dendritic-nanometer-structure polyaniline air-sensitive sensor is simple in structure, small in power consumption, simple in preparation method, low in cost, good in mechanical property, and low in possibility of breaking; and as the polyaniline wrapping the outer layer of the coaxial polyaniline fiber has a coral-antenna-shaped dendritic structure, the surface of the sensor, which is in contact with the gas, is enlarger, so that the sensitivity and response speed of the sensor are high.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors, and relates to a method for preparing a dendritic nanostructured polyaniline coaxial fiber gas sensor by in-situ polymerization using nanofibers prepared by an electrospinning method as a template, in particular to a dendritic nanostructured polyaniline coaxial fiber gas sensor. The preparation method of the aniline gas sensor. Background technique: [0002] A gas sensor is a sensor that detects a specific gas, and has broad application prospects in many fields such as the environment, hygienic food, industrial and agricultural production, medical military, and public safety. At present, most of the common gas sensors are oxide semiconductor type, which is characterized in that the performance of the sensor is improved by ion doping the oxide semiconductor, and it needs to be heated to about 300°C during the test. Therefore, this type of sensor usually requires additional heating. Components, r...

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Problems solved by technology

Among many conductive polymer materials, polyaniline has been widely concerned due to its advantages of cheap raw materials, easy synthesis, high temperature resistance and ambient temperature, high electrical conductivity, and good physical and chemical properties. Chinese patent (Patent No.: ZL 201020156403.2) discloses a teaching experiment device, which is used to introduce and demonstrate the conductive mechanism, moisture-sensitive sensing and photoconductive properties of conductive polyaniline films and nanostructures; but polyaniline also has high melting point of some conductive polymer materials, The shortcomings of insoluble and difficult processing and molding are not easy to process and apply; in order to solve the difficulties faced by the application of polyaniline as a gas sensor, people are seeking to study a nanofiber prepared by electrospinning as a template or substrate, in situ polymerization Processing technology for preparing dendritic nanostructured polyaniline coaxial fiber gas sensor, which can simultaneously improve the gas sensing performance and mechanical properties of conductive polyaniline sensor

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