Electromagnetic flexible composite deposition direct preparation forming method of multifunctional gradient component

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic flexible composite deposition direct preparation forming method of a multifunctional gradient component, and the method is characterized in that high-energy beams or electric arc with high efficiency and low cost are used as a basic heat source, a static magnetic field or an alternating magnetic field is introduced or the static magnetic field and the alternating magnetic field are simultaneously introduced in the electric arc three-dimensional deposition process, under the support of computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software, a computer controls a deposition fun or a workpiece to move according to a set space orbit, an electromagnetic composite energy field acting on a molten pool and a nearby micro area is used for heating and melting a material with ideal gradient ratio, the free and flexible adjustment and control of a deposition shape and a component tissue space distribution of the multifunctional gradient component can be realized, and the multifunctional gradient component is used for the development and production of the high-performance component with multiple functions such as oxidation resistance, creep resistance, fatigue resistance in fields such as aerospace, ships, automobile engine or energy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the advanced rapid prototyping technology, and specifically relates to the direct preparation and forming method of electromagnetic flexible composite deposition of multifunctional gradient parts. manufacture. technical background [0002] The conventional manufacturing methods of FGM parts can be roughly divided into powder metallurgy method (such as solid phase sintering method, liquid phase sintering method, infiltration method, controlled atmosphere sintering method, temperature gradient method) and coating method (such as coating method, electroforming method) , vapor deposition method, sol-gel method, plasma spray method). The process flow of the former method involves preforming, sintering, quenching and tempering treatment and deep processing. The forming process is separated from the sintering process of gradient material preparation. The manufacturing process and cycle are long, and there are many factors affecting t...

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Problems solved by technology

The process flow of the former method involves preforming, sintering, quenching and tempering treatment and deep processing. The forming process is separated from the sintering process of gradient material preparation. The manufacturing process and cycle are long, and there are many factors affecting the quality of the finished product, ensuring quality reliability The technical difficulty is high, the energy consumption is high, and the forming mold is required, the cost is high, and it is difficult to meet the gradient material forming requirements of complex and large parts

The latter method meets the processing requirements of complex parts to a certain extent, but most of the substrates need to be formed by molds or machining, and the gradient layer is limited to the thin surface layer, which is not easy to combine with the substrate metallurgy. The forming process is separated from the preparation process of the gradient layer. And the chemical method has the problems of low preparation efficiency and waste liquid pollution

[0003] No matter which of these methods has the following main problems: (1) The part forming process is separated from the preparation process of the gradient functional material, the manufacturing process is complex, the process is long, and the cost is high; (2) It is limited to the manufacture of simple gradient sources or surface gradients. Source FGM parts, for parts with large differences in physical and chemical properties between the reinforcement phase and the matrix material, it is difficult to control the gradient distribution of material composition and organization according to the design, so that it is impossible to manufacture high-performance parts with three-dimensional complex gradient materials for service conditions

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