Quasicrystal complex phase hydrogen storage alloy containing magnesium, titanium, vanadium and nickel and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention firstly provides a quasicrystal complex phase hydrogen storage alloy containing magnesium, titanium, vanadium and nickel and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of hydrogen storage materials. The expression formula of the hydrogen storage alloy is Ti1.4V0.6Ni+x% by weight of Mg, wherein x is more than 1 and less than 5. The invention further provides the preparation method of the quasicrystal complex phase hydrogen storage alloy containing the magnesium, the titanium, the vanadium and the nickel, and the method comprises the following steps: placing Ti, V and Ni metals into a vacuum electric arc furnace to smelt so as to form an alloy ingot, and preparing a Ti1.4V0.6Ni quasicrystal complex phase material thin strip containing an I phase through a vacuum sharp quenching and casting integrated machine; and then grinding, and placing magnesium powder into a ball milling tank for ball milling so as to get the hydrogen storage alloy, wherein the weight ratio of balls to material is (20-10): 1, and the ball milling time is 10-30min. Experimental results show that, after 50 cycles, the capacity decay rate of the quasicrystal complex phase hydrogen storage alloy containing the magnesium, the titanium, the vanadium and the nickel is far lower than the quasicrystal complex phase hydrogen storage alloy containing the titanium, the vanadium and the nickel.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage materials, and in particular relates to a magnesium-titanium-vanadium-nickel quasicrystal complex-phase hydrogen storage alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] For power-type metal hydride-nickel rechargeable alkaline batteries, that is, for power-type nickel-hydrogen batteries; good electrochemical hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle stability and high-rate discharge capability are the negative active materials for power-type nickel-hydrogen batteries most fundamental requirements. [0003] In the past, some people in the industry focused their efforts on hydrogen storage alloys with a Laves phase structure to find such alloy materials with good electrochemical hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle stability and excellent high-rate discharge capabilities. In recent years, some industry peers will look for such alloys with good electrochemical hydro...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] On December 21, 2005, the Chinese Patent Office published the CN1709564 A patent titled "An Icosahedral Titanium Reference Crystal Material with Hydrogen Storage Function and Its Preparation Method", revealing that the invention obtained a quasi-crystalline phase with a condition of 500 ~ Keep it at 600°C for 5-6 hours. Theoretically, the temperature for destroying the quasi-crystal phase should be at least higher than 600°C, but the actual battery temperature is usually -20-+40°C, and the temperature of the catalytic hydrogenation reaction is also higher than 600°C. Rarely exceeds 300 °C; the invention reveals that there is no technical barrier to the stability of the quasicrystal alloy used in batteries or catalytic hydrogenation reactions, and it also provides good chemical hydrogen storage and gas hydrogen storage indicators. However, due to a single The preparation of quasicrystals is difficult, and there is only one combination of Ni-Cu, which highlights its shortcomings in actual production applications

[0005] On September 1, 2010, the Chinese Patent Office published the CN101816915 A patent titled "Amorphous Icosahedral Quasicrystalline Hydrogen Storage Alloy and Its Rapid Cooling Method". The decahedral quasicrystalline hydrogen storage alloy has a reversible hydrogen absorption and desorption capacity of close to 2.3 mass% at a gaseous hydrogen storage temperature of 250 °C, laying the foundation for the expansion of this system alloy to the field of catalytic hydrogenation reactions at 200 ~ 300 °C, but the hydrogen equilibrium pressure is too high Low is the main problem of TiZrNi quasicrystalline phase hydrogen storage, its huge potential in gaseous hydrogen storage has not been fully extended to electrochemical hydrogen storage, and the alloy system contains precious metal palladium, the market price is high, only limited applied in actual production

[0011] Table 1. Patents related to the synthesis of hydrogen storage materials by adding magnesium, lithium, potassium or sodium elemental substances or compounds into high-energy ball mill tanks. The common advantage is that it is convenient and practical; Obtain data on the enhancement of the synthesis of magnesium, lithium, potassium, sodium and more into quasicrystalline hydrogen storage alloys and their new properties

[0012] In summary: based on titanium-vanadium-nickel quasicrystalline hydrogen storage alloy, pure magnesium is added by mechanical alloying to obtain a magnesium-containing titanium-vanadium-nickel quasicrystalline multi-phase hydrogen storage alloy and its manufacturing method. No patent publications or articles have been reported.

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