Small-particle four-section moving bed dry distillation furnace with hydrogen-enriched environment and dry distillation method of small-particle four-section moving bed dry distillation furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a small-particle four-section moving bed dry distillation furnace with a hydrogen-enriched environment and a dry distillation method of the small-particle four-section moving bed dry distillation furnace. According to the dry distillation furnace, a feeding hole is formed in the upper part of a drying and preheating section, an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet are respectively formed in the middle side and lower side of the drying and preheating section, and an air outlet is formed in the end, far away from the upper air inlet, of the drying and preheating section; the drying and preheating section is vertically communicated with a dry distillation section through a sealing section; a medium-temperature air inlet is formed in the middle side of the dry distillation section, a high-temperature air inlet is formed in the lower side of the dry distillation section, and an oil gas outlet communicated with an oil gas recovery system arranged on the outer wall of the dry distillation section is formed in the medium-upper side of the dry distillation section; a cold coal gas inlet is formed in the middle side of a cooling section, a coal gas outlet is formed in the upper side of the cooling section, a water inlet is formed in the lower side of the cooling section, and a water outlet is formed in the middle side of the cooling section; and the cooling section is provided with a cooling heat exchanger communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet. The dry distillation method comprises the steps of drying and preheating; sealing; carrying out dry distillation; and cooling. The small-particle four-section moving bed dry distillation furnace with the hydrogen-enriched environment has the characteristics that the power consumption is low, the energy utilization rate and oil yield are high, the quality of an oil product is good, the dust content of oil gas is low, and the utilization rate of resources is high.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of energy and chemical engineering, and in particular relates to a hydrogen-rich environment of a small particle four-stage moving bed with low power consumption, high energy utilization rate, high oil production rate, good oil quality, less oil and gas dust, and high resource utilization rate Dry distillation furnace and its dry distillation method. Background technique [0002] my country is rich in coal resources. Except for some of the raw coal used for coking and conversion processing, most of it is used for direct combustion, which not only has low thermal efficiency and serious damage to the environment, but also the hydrogen-rich components with high economic value in coal cannot be obtained. Reasonable use. Moreover, my country's oil shale and oil sand reserves are abundant, and the potential for resource development is huge. [0003] At present, most of the coal or oil shale low-temperature carbon...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003]At present, most of the coal or oil shale low-temperature carbonization technology adopts block gas heat carrier carbonization technology. The low-temperature carbonization of oil shale includes Fushun Furnace, Maoming Furnace, Jilin Chengda Furnace, Estonia’s Kivit Furnace, Brazil’s Petrosex Furnace, etc., but the following problems generally exist: First, coal or oil with particle size <15mm Shale cannot be retorted, resulting in a great waste of resources, especially in the oil shale industry; second, the heat source of retort is hot flue gas, the oil production rate is low, and the oil quality is relatively poor; third, the drying of coal or oil shale It is not separated from dry distillation, and integrated into one, resulting in a large load on the oil and gas recovery system and waste water treatment system; fourth, the pyrolysis gas is diluted by other inert gases, and its calorific value is low, so it is not easy to use; Coal gas (or dry distillation oil and gas) contains oil, which will condense as the temperature decreases, so it is different from the general gas-solid separation. The dust removal effect is not satisfactory by using ordinary centrifugal or water dedusting, and it is also Increased difficulty and cost of oil and gas reprocessing

Regardless of fluidized bed, entrained-bed dry distillation, or solid heat carrier moving bed dry distillation, they all belong to the "isothermal" dry distillation process, and the moisture and volatile matter of the dry distillation material escape instantly, which can easily cause the thermal collapse of the material, making the particle size of the semi-coke product Finer, larger amount of dust, increasing the difficulty of gas-solid separation

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