Novel pulse biomass pyrolysis reactor and pyrolysis technology

Abstract

The invention provides a novel pulse biomass pyrolysis reactor and a pyrolysis technology. The reactor comprises a long barrel-shaped reaction section, wherein a biomass inlet and a lifting gas inletare formed in the inlet of the reaction section; the reaction section comprises a plurality of contraction sections and expansion sections which are alternately connected with one another; a pluralityof heat energy nozzles are arranged on the reaction section. The pulse biomass pyrolysis reactor with the novel structure has the advantages that the pipe diameter is alternately reduced or enlargedduring reaction operation, airflow and particles flow at inequable speed, and the relative speed between airflow and particles and the heat transfer area are large, so that the rate of heat transfer and mass transfer is enhanced. In addition, the speed of airflow in an expansion pipe is greatly reduced, so that the reaction time is correspondingly increased. Through the control of energy control reaction temperature of material feeding and the heat energy nozzles, the characteristic of stable product yield is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis, in particular to a novel pulse biomass pyrolysis reactor and a pyrolysis process. Background technique [0002] In the 21st century, the world is facing the dual pressure of economic growth and environmental protection. Therefore, the development and utilization of new renewable clean energy is of great significance to the establishment of a sustainable energy system, the promotion of economic development and environmental protection. As the only new type of energy that exists in solid form and can be stored, biomass energy is of great significance to the sustainable development of the economy and society. [0003] At present, the biomass pyrolysis reactors in the world mainly include fixed bed reactors, cyclone reactors, fluidized bed reactors, radiation furnaces, portable flow reactors, circulating fluidized bed reactors, rotating blade reactors, and rotating cone reactors. There are...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] ① Drainage bed: The disadvantage of this equipment is that it needs a large amount of high-temperature combustion gas and produces a large amount of non-condensable gas with low calorific value. This shortcoming makes the development prospect of this technology less promising

[0005] ②Vacuum moving bed: the advantage is that the residence time of pyrolysis steam is very short, which reduces the secondary cracking, but the reactor must have a very good vacuum degree, which increases the requirements for vacuum pumps and sealing materials, thus increasing the manufacturing cost and running difficulty

[0006] ③Rotating cone reactor: It has the advantages of compacting materials and isolating flowing gas, and has a fast heating rate, short solid-phase residence period, and small gas-phase residence period. The reaction process does not require a carrier gas, does not require a large device volume and High cost, but some structures of the equipment are not perfect enough, still in the stage of research and exploration

[0007] ④Ablation reactor: Compared with other systems, this equipment can use large particle biomass with a particle size of 2-6.35mm as raw material, but the oxygen content in the produced oil is relatively high

[0008] ⑤Circulating fluidized bed and transport bed: Although these two types of equipment can solve the problem of heat conversion, the problem of coke slag wear equipment, the separation of biochar and carrier, and the low yield of biochar still need to be improved

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