The invention belongs to the technical field of steelmaking, and particularly relates to a dynamic control method for refining ultra-low carbon steel through RH CO2 spraying. The dynamic control method is suitable for a 30-300 t RH ladle refining process. In the RH refining process, O2 and CO2 are adopted as top-blowing gases, Ar and CO2 are used as lifting gases; molten steel components in the refining process are predicted based on material conservation according to RH refining in-station molten steel component data, refining process furnace gas component data and vacuum equipment working conditions; the top blowing and lifting gas flow is dynamically adjusted according to requirements of target components of refined molten steel stage by stage; on the basis of strengthening the stirringeffect of the RH refining process, the nitrogen content in the molten steel is further reduced, and the quality of molten steel is improved; and meanwhile, excessive oxidation of the molten steel inthe RH decarbonization process is avoided, the consumption of a deoxidized alloy is reduced, and on the basis of reducing the consumption of Ar, the production cost is further reduced, and the refining period is shortened. As a result, the alloy consumption is reduced by 3%-8%, the RH refining period is shortened by 1-2 minutes, the denitrification amount is increased by (3-10)*10<-6>, and the quality of the molten steel is improved.