Carbon fiber/nanofiber synergistic high-toughness ceramic matrix composite and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a carbon fiber/nanofiber synergistic high-toughness ceramic matrix composite and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method, carbon nano tubes and SiC nanowires are introduced into carbon fibers by virtue of a sizing technology, a multi-scale preform is woven through a weaving forming means, a ceramic matrix is densified through processes such as a chemical vapor infiltration method, a reactive melt infiltration method and a precursor body dipping and cracking method, and therefore the carbon fiber/nanofiber synergistic high-toughness ceramic matrix composite is prepared. The preparation method has the advantages that a carbon fiber/carbon nano tube/SiC nanowire multi-scale structure can give full play to the scale effect, the multi-scale preform is prepared by virtue of the sizing technology, on the premise that the performance of the carbon fibers is not damaged, the mass production of large-scale irregular structural components can berealized, and therefore the technical problem of simultaneous introduction of various nanofibers can be solved, the content and the distribution of the doped nanofibers is controlled, equipment is simple, the process control is easy, the cost is low, and large-scale industrial production is facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic matrix composite materials, in particular to a carbon fiber / nano fiber synergistic strong and tough ceramic matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Advanced ceramic matrix composites are considered to be one of the ideal thermal structural materials in the field of aerospace, under high temperature, strong air flow erosion, corrosion and high stress vibration loads and other service environments. Carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites are made of high-strength and high-elastic carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix, which combines the good high-temperature mechanical properties of carbon fiber and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of ceramic matrix. It is widely used in aerospace thermal structural components. The nozzles of missiles and multi-purpose missiles, thermal protection systems of space shuttles, solid rocket motor nozz...

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Problems solved by technology

In the above patents, the use of chemical deposition and chemical grafting methods cannot avoid the damage of high temperature and reagents to the intrinsic properties of carbon fibers, and it is difficult to control the content and distribution of carbon nanotubes

[0005] Chinese patent application CN107673773A discloses a preparation method of graphene-modified carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composite material. Graphene oxide is introduced into carbon fiber prefabricated body by hydrothermal chemical reduction method, and graphene-modified material is prepared by chemical vapor infiltration process. Carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite materials, this method can control the morphology and structure of graphene materials to a certain...

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