Shell powder modified polylactic acid composite material, preparation method and applications thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a shell powder modified polylactic acid composite material, wherein the preparation raw materials of the composite material comprise: shell powder modified polylactic acid granules, poly beta-hydroxybutyric acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid fibers and shell powder B, the preparation raw materials of the shell powder modified polylactic acid granulescomprise: polylactic acid, shell powder A, a surfactant, a silane coupling agent, polyethylene glycol and / or a polyethylene glycol acrylate compound, a chitosan grafted copolymer and a dehydrating agent, the particle size of the shell powder A is 1-10 [mu]m, the particle size of the shell powder B is 1-5 [mu]m, and the particle size of the shell powder A is greater than the particle size of the shell powder B. According to the present invention, the composite material has advantages of strong mechanical property, good heat resistance, good adsorbability and good biodegradability, is an environmentally-friendly and pollution-free novel composite material, and is suitable for indoor and vehicle interior decoration materials, cosmetics or food packaging materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of degradable materials, and in particular relates to a degradable environment-friendly shell powder modified polylactic acid composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] With the development of economy, materials are closely related to human life and development. As a polymer material with many excellent properties, it plays an irreplaceable role in people's lives. However, with the rapid economic development, the use of polymer materials has increased dramatically. This has also brought about increasingly serious white pollution, which has posed a serious threat to the living environment of human beings. Therefore, vigorously developing degradable materials to replace traditional petroleum-based polymer materials and plastic products has become an effective way to solve the problem of uncoordinated economic development and environmental pollution. Am...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Although pure polylactic acid has the advantages of high transparency and high gloss, its disadvantages such as being hard and brittle, difficult to process and not heat-resistant have affected its application.

The disadvantages of polylactic acid are: 1. There are a large number of ester bonds in polylactic acid, which has poor hydrophilicity, which reduces its biocompatibility with other substances; 2. The relative molecular weight distribution of the polymerized product is too wide, and polylactic acid itself is Linear polymers, which make the strength of polylactic acid materials often cannot meet the requirements, high brittleness, low heat distortion temperature (54°C under 146MPa load), and poor impact resistance; 3, the degradation cycle is difficult to control, although pure polylactic acid has Good degradability, but it is difficult to control the degradation time after mixing with other polymer materials; 4, the price is expensive, the price of lactic acid and the polymerization process determine the high cost of polylactic acid

The reason may be that shell powder, as an inorganic substance, has poor compatibility with polymer materials such as polylactic acid, so shell powder is only used as a reinforcing filler to improve its mechanical properties, but does not really exert the physical and chemical properties of shell powder itself. characteristic

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