Preparation method of high-performance bamboo steel composite material

A composite material, high-performance technology, applied in wood compression, wood impregnation, manufacturing tools, etc., can solve the problems of weak mechanical properties, easy rebound of size, low bamboo fiber content, etc., to achieve transverse tensile strength improvement and waterproof performance The effect of improving and improving mechanical properties

Inactive Publication Date: 2021-02-12
CHONGQING UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The densified bamboo obtained by this method has poor waterproof performance, and its size tends to rebound under high humidity conditions. Usually, the bamboo needs to be pretreated with grease or resin, and then hot pressed to improve the dimensional stability of the bamboo.
In addition, bamboo contains a large amount of lignin with low mechanical properties, and the content of bamboo fiber in direct densified bamboo is low, and its comprehensive properties are far from the theoretical value of bamboo fiber.
2. Bamboo fiber is extracted first, and then combined with resin to prepare bamboo fiber reinforced composite material. However, the bamboo fiber extraction process will destroy the natural structure of bamboo, and there are problems such as cumbersome preparation process and high energy consumption. The composite material also has low fiber volume fraction, The problem of unsatisfactory mechanical properties
3. First process bamboo into bamboo fiber curtains, and then impregnate resin to prepare composite materials. This method has the advantage of high bamboo utilization, but the resin content in composite materials is high, and lignin with weak mechanical properties is retained. Therefore, the mechanical properties of composite panels are not ideal.

Method used

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  • Preparation method of high-performance bamboo steel composite material
  • Preparation method of high-performance bamboo steel composite material
  • Preparation method of high-performance bamboo steel composite material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034] Step 1, bamboo material selection and pretreatment: select the 5-year-old Moso bamboo that has no mildew, wormholes, and cracks in appearance, and process it into 5mm thick bamboo chips.

[0035] Step 2. Bamboo drying: place the bamboo chips in Step 1 at 80° C. for 72 hours. The microstructure of bamboo, such as figure 1 shown.

[0036] Step 3, two-step method to remove lignin and hemicellulose: first, place the bamboo chips obtained in step 2 in a mixed solution of 2mol / L sodium hydroxide and 0.4mol / L sodium sulfite, and soak them at 110°C for 14h; then Place in 5mol / L hydrogen peroxide solution, soak at 80°C for 4 hours, and then wash away the residual chemical reagents.

[0037] Step 4, freeze-drying: Place the bamboo chips obtained in step 3 vertically on a cold source at -25°C along the growth direction to control the growth of ice crystals along the growth direction of the bamboo; then freeze-dry at -40°C to obtain the natural orientation and Gradient structure...

Embodiment 2

[0042] Step 1, bamboo material selection and pretreatment: select the 5-year-old Cizhu that has no mildew, wormholes, and cracks in appearance, and process it into 3mm thick bamboo chips.

[0043] Step 2. Bamboo drying: place the bamboo chips in Step 1 at 80° C. for 72 hours. The microstructure of bamboo, such as figure 1 shown.

[0044] Step 3, two-step method to remove lignin and hemicellulose: first place the bamboo chips obtained in step 2 in a mixed solution of 2.5 mol / L sodium hydroxide and 0.5 mol / L sodium sulfite, soak at 105°C for 8 hours; then Then put it in 8mol / L hydrogen peroxide solution, soak it at 60℃ for 2.5h, and then wash away the residual chemical reagents.

[0045] Step 4, freeze-drying: Place the bamboo slices obtained in step 3 vertically on a cold source at -15°C along the growth direction to control the growth of ice crystals along the growth direction of the bamboo; then freeze-dry at -55°C to obtain the natural orientation and Gradient structure o...

Embodiment 3

[0048] Step 1, bamboo material selection and pretreatment: select the 5-year-old mottled bamboo that has no mildew, wormholes, and cracks in appearance, and process it into 4mm thick bamboo chips.

[0049] Step 2. Bamboo drying: place the bamboo chips in Step 1 at 80° C. for 72 hours. The microstructure of bamboo, such as figure 1 shown.

[0050] Step 3, two-step method to remove lignin and hemicellulose: first place the bamboo chips obtained in step 2 in a mixed solution of 3 mol / L sodium hydroxide and 0.8 mol / L sodium sulfite, soak at 100°C for 10 hours; then Place in 2mol / L hydrogen peroxide solution, soak for 6 hours at 80°C, and then wash off residual chemical reagents.

[0051] Step 4, freeze-drying: Place the bamboo chips obtained in step 3 vertically on a cold source at -10°C along the growth direction to control the growth of ice crystals along the growth direction of the bamboo; then freeze-dry at -45°C to obtain the natural orientation and Gradient structure of b...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a novel bamboo steel composite material, and belongs to the technical field of bamboo artificial boards and bamboo engineering materials. The method comprises the following steps: (1) removing lignin and hemicellulose in the bamboo wood by a two-step method, (2) breaking through a pore structure in the bamboo wood by using a freeze-drying process, (3) carrying out vacuum impregnation epoxy resin treatment on an obtained bamboo wood framework, and (4) carrying out hot-pressing curing to realize densification of the bamboo wood, thereby obtaining the bamboo-steel composite material with high fiber content. The bamboo steel material provided by the invention has the advantages of high bamboo utilization rate, excellent mechanical properties, high dimensional stability, low thermal conductivity and the like, and is expected to be applied to the fields of energy-saving buildings, bridges, transportation, aerospace and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo-based panels and bamboo engineering materials, and more specifically relates to a preparation method of a novel high-performance "bamboo-steel" composite material. Background technique [0002] With global warming and the worsening of environmental problems, the concept of building a green city and a smart city has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and there is an urgent need to develop new high-performance engineering materials that are green and environmentally friendly. Biomass materials have the advantages of being natural, renewable, naturally degradable, and zero-carbon emission. In recent years, the development of high-performance structural and functional materials based on biomass has attracted increasing attention. China is rich in bamboo resources, known as the "Kingdom of Bamboo", and the bamboo forest is also known as the "Second Forest". Compared with wood, bamboo has t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B27K3/02B27K3/32B27K3/16B27K5/00B27K5/04B27K3/08B27K3/52B27M1/02
CPCB27K3/02B27K3/0214B27K3/08B27K3/16B27K3/32B27K3/52B27K5/0005B27K5/04B27K2240/30B27M1/02
Inventor 李元庆王友勇付绍云王向前黄培
Owner CHONGQING UNIV
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