485 results about "Polychlorinated biphenyl" patented technology

The present invention relates to poisonous waste treating method and apparatus, and belongs to the field of waste treating technology. The poisonous waste treating apparatus is plasma apparatus comprising a furnace body, a main graphite electrode and an auxiliary graphite electrode connected to the cover of the furnace body, carrier gas supplier connected to the main graphite electrode, a feeder, a vitreous body exhausting heat pump, a metal melt heat pump, a crucible inside the furnace body, a lower electrode in the bottom of the furnace body, a liquid level sensor connected to the sensor controller, and a tail gas exhausting system connected to the furnace body. It is used in treating polychlorinated biphenyl and other high dangerous waste through instantaneous high temperature, and has no secondary pollution, capacity of recovering high energy gas, and capacity of recovering metals.

The invention discloses a silver nanoparticle-modified zinc oxide nanorod array, a preparation method thereof and application thereof. An array consisting of zinc oxide nanorods is arranged on a substrate; the length of the zinc oxide nanorods is 1 to 1.4mu.m; the diameter of the rods is 50 to 60nm; the size of silver nanoparticles at the top ends of the rods is 100 to 120nm; the size of the silver nanoparticles on the surfaces of the rods is 25 to 35nm; the distance between the particles is less than or equal to 10nm; the distance between the silver nanoparticles at the top ends of the adjacent rods is 40 to 60nm; and the distance between the silver nanoparticles on the surfaces of the adjacent rods is 25 to 35nm. The method comprises the following steps of coating a zinc acetate ethanol solution on the substrate; after drying the substrate, cleaning, dispersing and thermally decomposing the substrate to obtain a substrate on which a zinc oxide seed layer is coated; performing electro-deposition on the substrate coated with the zinc oxide seed layer in a zinc nitrate ammonia complexation solution to obtain a substrate with the zinc oxide nanorod array; and performing silver ion sputtering on the substrate in an ion sputter to obtain the target product. The silver nanoparticle-modified zinc oxide nanorod array can serve as an active substrate of SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) and is used for measuring rhodamine 6G or polychlorinated biphenyl 77.

A process for dechlorinating the organic chlorine compound includes mixing the mixture of CaO and Fe2O3 or the composite oxide of Ca and Fe with said organic chlorine compound (hexachlorobenzene) in a sealed container, and reaction at temp higher than 200 deg.C

The invention discloses a water treatment method of zero-valent iron-copper bi-metal activated persulfate. The water treatment method specifically comprises the steps that bi-metals including zero-valent iron and copper are added into water containing micro-pollutants, then persulfate is added, full mixing is performed, the bi-metals including the zero-valent iron and the copper are utilized to activate the persulfate so as to remove the micro-pollutants in the water. The water treatment method utilizes the bi-metals including the zero-valent iron and the copper to efficiently activate the persulfate so as to produce free sulfate radicals having strong oxidizing property, can achieve the purpose of quickly and thoroughly removing micro-pollutants, including multiple types of poisonous and harmful micro-pollutants in water, such as polychlorinated biphenyl, brominated flame retardants, drugs and personal care products (PPCPs) and algal toxin, and has the advantages of high activation efficiency, high oxidation and degradation efficiency of pollutants, wide pH using range, convenient operation and the like. The water treatment method can be applied to underground water remediation, treatment of industrial water (including electroplating wastewater, hospital wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater and the like), drinking water treatment, wastewater treatment and the like.

When using squalene in a vaccine adjuvant, there is a possibility of contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Environmental exposure to PCBs may adversely affect children's immune responses to routine vaccinations. Thus the invention uses squalene with low or no PCB contamination, particularly when derived from shark liver.

The invention relates to a pretreatment method for purifying dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyl and polybrominated diphenyl ether in extract liquor. Purifying columns which respectively comprise a compound silicagel column, an alkaline aluminium oxide column and a Florisil column are arranged on an extraction module of a full-automatic solid-phase extractor, wherein fillers in each compound silicagel column comprise the following materials from bottom to top in sequence: silica gel, alkaline silica gel, silica gel, acidic silica gel and anhydrous sodium sulfate, and an eluent is normal hexane; fillers in the alkaline aluminium oxide column comprise the following materials from bottom to top in sequence: alkaline aluminium oxide and anhydrous sodium sulfate, and an eluent is mixed liquor of normal hexane and dichloromethane; fillers in the Florisil column comprise the following materials from bottom to top in sequence: Florisil and anhydrous sodium sulfate, the eluent is divided into two types according to the sequence of the steps, the eluent in the first step is the mixed liquor of normal hexane and dichloromethane, and the eluent in the second step is dichloromethane; and among all purifying columns, the eluents are transferred to an online concentrator for evaporation and concentration, and then are transferred to the next purifying column for purifying and treating.

The invention discloses a multistage improvement column for quickly pre-processing and purifying polychlorinated biphenyl in a biological sample. The multistage improvement column comprises an eluting and outflowing part, a column filler and a pressing part for feeding a sample. The multistage improvement column is characterized in that the column filler consists of four parts, wherein a part I in a column body is a neutral chromatography part which account for 20 percent of the total column body, and the filler is neutral silica gel; a part II in the column body is a neutral degreasing part which accounts for 20 percent of the total column body, and the filler is selected according to specific biomolecules; a part III in the column body is an alkali modified part which accounts for 30 percent of the total column body, and the filler is alkaline aluminum hydroxide, Florisil or a mixed material of magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide and the like; and a part IV in the column body is an acidmodified part which accounts for 20 to 30 percent of the total column body, and the filler mainly comprises 3-6N strong acid modified silica gel. The multistage improvement column for quickly pre-processing and purifying the polychlorinated biphenyl in the biological sample has the advantages of high efficiency of separation and purification, low pollution, low requirements on instruments and equipment, low cost and the like, and the multistage improvement column is suitable for large-area popularization and application.

The present invention relates to a method for treating polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in polluted soil. It is characterized by that it uses wirowave as heat source to heat the soil polluted by PCBs in container, utilizes the lots of aqueous vapour produced by action of microwave and water in soil to carry off the PCBs molecules from soil, namely microwave thermal desorption process, to implement separation of PCBs and soil, then the volatilized pollutant can be trapped, and treated by alkali-catalyzed decomposition process.

The invention discloses a method capable of quantitatively detecting surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of polychlorinated biphenyl. The method comprises the following steps: preparing uniform gold-coated silica nanoparticles, and fixing nanoparticles in a core-shell structure on a quartz glass piece to form an SERS substrate by utilizing a coupling agent; connecting an aptamer of a printed circuit board (PCB) with a thiol at one end, and covalently connecting the aptamer of the PCB to the surface of a gold shell layer of the nanoparticles through a thiol; soaking the prepared SERS substrate in a PCB-containing solution, taking the SERS substrate out after sufficient time, cleaning by using deionized water, and performing Raman spectrum measurement. The prepared gold-coated silica nanoparticles are attractive in appearance and high in particle size uniformity, plasma resonance occurs at 750nm, and a strong SERS enhancement effect is achieved under excitation of 785nm<-1> laser.

Belonging to the technical field of soil and sediment pollution detection, the invention relates to a dispersive solid-phase extraction gas chromatography method for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil and sediment. The method includes: adding n-hexane into a soil or sediment sample to conduct ultrasonic extraction, when the extraction liquid is basically colorless and transparent, subjecting the extraction liquid to rotary evaporation till dry, adding n-hexane, then adding 50-200mg of a N-propylethylenediamine solid phase adsorption agent to carry out dispersive solid-phase extraction, performing centrifugal layering, and introducing 1microliter of the supernatant into a gas chromatography-electron capture detector to conduct detection, otherwise adding a concentrated sulfuric acid purification step after ultrasonic extraction. The detection limit of 7 polychlorinated biphenyls is 0.02-0.03 microgram/kg, the recovery rate is 72-115%, and the relative standard deviation (n=5) is 3.5-6.9%. The method provided by the invention is simple and sensitive, and can quickly realize batch detection of PCBs in soil and sediment.

The invention discloses a method for preparing modified activated charcoal. The method comprises the following process steps that: a woody material is dried, thermally decomposed and carbonized at a high temperature; charcoal blocks after carbonization are crushed, ground and sieved so as to obtain charcoal powder; the charcoal powder which is ground and sieved is adequately soaked in a hydrochloric acid solution and a sodium hydroxide solution in turn; the charcoal powder which is soaked in the hydrochloric acid solution and the sodium hydroxide solution and dried is activated in a high-temperature furnace; and the activated charcoal powder after high-temperature activation and anhydrous sodium sulfate are put into a glass chromatography column containing acetone in turn so as to prepare an activated charcoal glass chromatography column. The method for preparing the modified activated charcoal has the advantages of low cost, easy operation and applicability to the separation of sixteen types of organic chloride pesticides and ten types of polychlorinated biphenyls in marine environmental samples (marine organisms, marine sediments and seawater).

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil restoration and discloses a device and method for removing polychlorinated biphenyl in bottom mud through a microorganism electrolytic tank. The microorganism electrolytic tank is established, hybrid electrochemical activity bacteria and perchlorate domesticated bacteria are inoculated to an anode chamber, soil polluted by polychlorinated biphenyl is added, a nutrient solution is supplemented to the rest part, the water phase-bottom mud anode chamber is formed, anode potential is controlled to be kept constant through an electrochemical work station, growth and propagation of the hybrid electrochemical activity bacteria and the perchlorate domesticated bacteria can be promoted, dechloridation efficiency can be greatly improved, and constant bioelectric currents can be generated. By the adoption of the device and method, natural restoration and toxicity reduction can be conducted on the polluted soil, and good environmental protection benefits are achieved.

An outdoor dry transformer having a shield made of a high functional fiber. The transformer includes a transformer body having a core and first and second coils wound on the core; a shield surrounding the transformer body, the shield comprising a high functional fiber material which is capable of blocking moisture penetration from outside and has breathability; and a transformer housing having at least one vent in side and bottom faces thereof, the transformer housing configured to house the transformer body and the shield therein. The transformer does not use the insulating oil, thereby preventing any fire induced from the insulating oil. It is also possible to prevent environmental pollution caused by polychlorinated biphenyl as well as save resources.

The invention discloses a method for treating persistent organic pollutant through base catalytic decomposition with the help of microwaves, which is to use base catalytic decomposition technology with the help of the microwaves to treat various wastes containing the persistent organic pollutant (POPs), utilize interaction of the microwaves and microwave absorbing materials as a catalyst to quickly raise the reaction temperature, and complete quick dechlorination of POP substances in the waste to be treated in the presence of base and a hydrogen donor together. The method can treat waste organochlorine pesticide (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) oil in transformers, soil and deposit severely polluted by the OCPs and the PCBs, waste incineration fly ash containing high-concentration bioxin (PCDD/Fs) and salt slurry in the chlorine alkali industry and the like, has short treatment time and high dechlorination efficiency, and can realize quick treatment of the various wastes containing the POPs.

The invention discloses micro/nano structural ferroferric oxide hollow spheres and a preparation method thereof. The micro/nano structural ferroferric oxide hollow spheres are prepared from ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, urea, ascorbic acid and oleic acid in mixed solution of water and absolute ethanol, and then the synthesized micro/nano structural ferroferric oxide hollow spheres are tested in a removal experiment of durable organic pollutant polychlorinated biphenyl 77 (PCB-77). Substances such as templates and the like do not need to be added in the reaction process of the hydrothermal prepared micro/nano structural ferroferric oxide hollow spheres, the method is environment-friendly, the post treatment is convenient, the reaction temperature is low, and the process is simple; and the prepared micro/nano structural ferroferric oxide hollow spheres have porous hollow structures, have high specific surface area and activity of nano structures, and can effectively prevent agglomeration of granules.

The invention discloses a method for treating water by using zero-valent iron-nickel bi-metal activated persulfate. According to the method, the zero-valent iron-nickel bi-metal activated persulfate is used, and micropollutants in the water are removed. The zero-valent iron-nickel bi-metal activated persulfate is used for efficiently generating high-oxidizing-property sulphate radical and high-oxidizing-property hydroxyl radical to attack the micropollutants, the micropollutants are degraded, and the purpose of quickly and thoroughly removing various poisonous and harmful micropollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyl, brominated flame retardants, medicines, personal care products (PPCPs) and algal toxin can be achieved. Compared with the existing the method for treating water by using zero-valent iron activated persulfate, the method has the advantages of high activating efficiency, high yield of the sulphate radical, high micropollutants removing efficiency and the like, is convenient and easy to operate, obvious in effect and wide in pH (potential of hydrogen) using range, and can be used for ground water remediation, treatment of industrial water comprising electroplating wastewater, wastewater of hospitals, printing and dyeing wastewater, treatment of drinking water, treatment of sewage and the like.

The invention provides a simple and rapid preparation method and application of a covalent-organic framework compound solid-phase microextraction coating. According to the preparation method, the covalent-organic framework compound coating is quickly formed on quartz fiber, a device needed for the entire synthesizing process is extremely easy, and the method comprises the steps of performing amino-functionalization on the quartz fiber, impregnating surface amino-functionalized quartz fiber in a ground material precursor, repeating performing impregnating for several times, performing simple baking and cleaning the coating, so that the covalent-organic framework compound solid-phase microextraction coating can be obtained. The synthesizing method of the invention is easy to operate, requires few devices, and does not need an organic solvent, and by using the method, the covalent-organic framework compound solid-phase microextraction coating with high-temperature resistance, solvent resistance, acid and alkali resistance, high specific surface area, controllable pore size, and controllable thickness can be quickly prepared. Then the extraction coating is used to enrich environmentalpollutants polychlorinated biphenyls in water and it is detected that the coating has good enriching effects by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, thereby showing that the coating has good application prospect in the environment and other fields.

The invention relates to degrading polychlorinated biphenyl facultative anaerobe and gaining method in environment bioengineering field. It includes the following steps: sampling; screening; separating; purifying; screening and domesticating PCBs degrading strain. The new strain raoultella terrigena LY402 is grained. The strain is facultative anaerobe, and utilizes sucrose fat as carbon source to degrade 2,3,4,4-quadri-chlordiphenyl. The degrading rate of the aroclor1242 is 98.02-99.15% in 70h under oxygen; but aroclor1260 is 96.55% in 8 days under the opposite condition. Its advantages are that it can degrade different sits PCBs; and it can utilize sucrose fat to high effectively degrade PCBs and has no secondary pollution.

The invention discloses a foam flushing technology for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polluted soil. The technology comprises the following steps of: manufacturing ectopic foam by using surfactant and nitrogen, controlling the property of the foam by controlling the gas-liquid ratio and the particle diameter of the foam, and performing foam flushing in a pressed injection mode by using the foam, wherein the gas-liquid ratio of the foam is 100:35-100:0.2, the particle diameter is 10 to 3,500 microns, and the injection pressure is 0.1 to 15 meters water columns. Compared with the conventional foam flushing technology, the technology has the advantages of improving the wave and the efficiency of a flushing fluid in a soil medium by controlling the property of the foam and finally improving the removal efficiency of the PCBs.

The invention discloses a gold nanoparticle-silver nano-semisphere array as well as a preparation method and the application of the array. The array is an ordered array which is placed on a silver membrane of a substrate and attached with silver nano-semispheres, wherein the sphere diameter of the silver nano-semisphere is 85-95 nm; the sphere interval is less than or equal to 10 nm; the gold nanoparticles are modified on the silver nano-semispheres; the particle size of the gold nanoparticle is 5-10 nm. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially performing secondary anodic oxidation, reaming treatment and silver membrane plating on one side of an aluminum sheet, so as to obtain an aluminum oxide template covered with the silver membrane on one side and collected with the silver nano-semispheres in the hole; adhering and fixing the substrate to the silver membrane; then, placing the aluminum oxide template covered with the silver membrane and the substrate on one side and collected with the silver nano-semispheres in the hole in an alkali solution to etch off the aluminum oxide template, and then putting the rest in an ion sputtering device to perform gold sputtering for 8-12 s under the sputtering current is 35-45 mA, so as to obtain the objective product. The array can be taken as an active substrate for enhancing raman scattering on the surface, so that the content of trace rhodamine or polychlorinated biphenyl 3 attached on the array can be measured by a laser raman spectrometer.

The invention discloses a preparation method and an application of a magnetic metal - organic nanotube material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) preparation of a Fe3O4 (ferroferric oxide) nanometer material; (2) surface hydroxylation of the Fe3O4 nanometer material: adding the Fe3O4 nanometer material prepared in step (1) into sodium dodecyl sulfate, stirring, and performing ultrasonic reaction; (3) surface silanization of Fe3O4; (4) connecting of the silanized Fe3O4 and 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid; (5) connecting of the surface of Fe3O4 modified by the 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid and the metal-organic nanotube material. The prepared metal-nanotube material has the advantages that [Co2(bpdc)1.5(Hbpz] DMF CH3CN H2O crystals of a metal - organic nanotube are radially and uniformly distributed at the surface of Fe3O4, and form a sea urchin shape; a one-dimensional weaving structure is formed by stacking different lengths in an overlapping way, so that the absorbing of polychlorinated biphenyl in a sample is favorable.

The invention discloses a method for degrading polychlorobiphenyl in soil by cyclodextrin elution/Fenton oxidation, belonging to the technical field of chemical treatment of polluted soil. Soil polluted by polychlorobiphenyl is air dried, crushed and screened, and is then mixed with cyclodextrin solution; the mixture is treated in a rotational vibrator for 24-48h and is then separated in a centrifuge; wherein, mass ratio of water to cyclodextrin is 100: (3-12) and mass ratio of soil to cyclodextrin solution is 1:(1-5);. The separated cyclodextrin eluent containing polychlorobiphenyl is then added with Fe(CIO4)2 and pH value of the cyclodextrin eluent is then adjusted by perchloric acid to 2.5-3.5. A peristaltic pump is used to totally add a certain volume of H2O2 solution with molar concentration of 10mM into the cyclodextrin eluent within 15 minutes; and the cyclodextrin eluent is stirred continuously to keep a completely mixed status; wherein, mass ratio of Fe(CIO4)2 to cyclodextrin eluent is 1:200 and mass ratio of H2O2 solution to cyclodextrin eluent is 1:300. The method has the advantages that the method has simple and convenient operation, high speed and high efficiency; furthermore, the method causes no secondary pollution.

The invention discloses ferriferous oxide nano-grade fiber, a preparation method thereof, and a purpose thereof. The fiber is composed of particles with mesopores. The diameter of the fiber is 30-200nm, and the length of the fiber is 10-20mum. The particle sizes of the particles are 5-10nm. The particles are ferriferous oxide monocrystals. The diameters of the mesopores are 5-40nm. The preparation method comprises steps that: soluble iron salt, citric acid or citrate, and water are well mixed according to a weight ratio of 1.2-1.6:1.7-2.1:35-45, such that a mixed liquid is obtained; gelatin is added to the mixed liquid, wherein the weight ratio of gelatin to water in the mixed liquid is 0.4-4:35-45; when gelatin is dissolved, a hydrosol is obtained; the pH value of the hydrosol is regulated to 7-8 by using an alkali solution, such that a hydrosol precursor is obtained; the hydrosol precursor is placed in a sealed environment, and is subject to a reaction for 4-27h under a temperature of 180-240 DEG C, such that the ferriferous oxide nano-grade fiber is prepared. The ferriferous oxide nano-grade fiber product can be adopted as an absorbent widely applied for removing polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metal ions in solutions.

Iron composite particles for purifying soil or ground water, comprise an iron component, at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium and palladium, and carbon or aluminum, and having a noble metal content of 0.01 to 5.00% by weight and a particle diameter of 0.01 to 1.0 μm. The iron composite particles and the purifying agent according to the present invention are capable of decomposing aliphatic organohalogen compounds such as dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,3-dichloropropene or the like, and aromatic organohalogen compounds such as dioxins, PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) or the like, which are contained in soil, ground water or waste water, at ordinary temperature in an efficient and economical manner.