58results about "Cryogenics" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of renewable resource utilization and new energy, and relates to a wood-based water photovoltaic power generation material and a preparation method and application thereof.The wood-based water photovoltaic power generation material is prepared by taking natural wood as a raw material, performing chemical modification treatment and combining directional freeze drying and salting-out treatment. The wood-based water photovoltaic power generation material with relatively good mechanical strength is prepared by using the wood-based material as a raw material, the wood-based material has a highly-oriented porous structure, and under the conditions of 25 DEG C, standard atmospheric pressure and relative air humidity RH 30%, a 200-mesh copper mesh is used as an electrode, and the open-circuit voltage of a nano power generation device obtained by assembling in deionized water reaches 110 mV, and the short-circuit circuit reaches 0.74 mA. The material is simple in preparation process and wide in application scene, adopts natural high polymer materials as raw materials, has the environment-friendly advantages of reproducibility and biodegradability, and has a wide application prospect in the field of new energy materials.

An attenuator or dissipating element arranged to thermalize radio frequency or lower frequency signals, respectively, comprises: at least a first heat sink and a second heat sink (230, 231, 232, 233) that are capacitively grounded and arranged to provide heat dissipation via electron-phonon coupling; and at least one tunnel junction (220, 221, 222, 223, 224) coupled to the first heat sink and the second heat sink; wherein a combined resistance of the at least one tunnel junction and a heat sink coupled to it is below h / e 2; and / or a total capacitance of the first heat sink and the second heat sink, respectively, is above e 2 / 2 k b T, wherein h is the Planck constant, e is the elementary charge, k b is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the minimum operating temperature of the element. Preferably, an array (200) of N rows (204) and M columns (202) of non-superconducting metal-insulator-metal tunnel junctions is employed.

This invention relates to the field of wood processing technology, and provides a novel method for preparing slicing from the decay and softening of extra-hardwood. The method includes the following steps: immersing a wood sample in a water-filled container, first applying a vacuum, then depressurizing and maintaining the pressure for a period of time to allow liquid water to penetrate the wood cell cavities; heating the immersed sample and applying a vacuum again to cause the liquid water to boil and vaporize; extracting the sample after the bursting treatment with cold and hot water sequentially to remove extractives from the wood and reduce its decay resistance; adjusting the moisture content; treating the sample with brown rot fungi to cause decay and softening on the axial surface of the sample; soaking the sample in water and then freezing it until it is solid, followed by slicing. This invention can successfully produce slicings of extra-hardwood, providing a strong theoretical foundation and technical means for studying the structure of extra-hardwood, predicting its physical and mechanical properties, and improving its high-value-added processing and utilization.

Metal-foam mesh structures are used in a variety of applications where flexible mesh structures are utilized, such as steam chamber wicks and various diaphragms and energy electrodes. The new metal-foam mesh hybrid material has a three-dimensionally connected microporous structure and has improved mechanical properties, including good strength, ductility, flexibility, and other properties.

The invention relates to a process for producing Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion, said process comprising the following steps: a) supplying (100) Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder; b) carrying out (200) a grinding, called cryogenic grinding, of the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder at a temperature between -50°C and -196°C; c) supplying (300) an oxide powder; d) carrying out (400) a co-grinding of the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder with the oxide powder thus supplied to obtain Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder reinforced by an oxide dispersion; and e) producing (500) the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion from the powder thus produced.

The application discloses a preparation method of formaldehyde-free low-carbon wood composite material, which comprises the following steps: preparing an impregnation solution, removing lignin on wood by using an alkaline solution to obtain a wood matrix; pretreating the obtained wood matrix by using a gas phase treatment process to control and adjust the pores on the wood matrix; cyclically freezing and impregnating the wood matrix by using the impregnation solution; heating the wood matrix after the S3 treatment; and ultraviolet curing, so that the voids on the wood after the lignin is removed are more uniform, the impregnation of the impregnation solution in the later impregnation process is easier, the situation that all areas cannot be filled is avoided, the uniformity of the pores is greatly improved, the impregnation degree and impregnation efficiency in the later impregnation process are improved, and the physical performance and stability of the wood are improved.

The application relates to a temperature recording device for a cold chain and a temperature recording method thereof. The temperature recording device can be applied to the temperature recording of the fields of food, medicines and the like which need to be kept at low temperature for production, storage and transportation. The temperature recording device comprises a base, a transparent cover, a spiral bimetallic sheet, a central shaft, a shaft sleeve, a temperature pointer, a scale dial and a rotating dial. A one-way hook is arranged on the temperature pointer, a recording arrow and a clamping groove are arranged on the rotating dial, the central shaft is fixed in the center of the base, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the central shaft and can rotate, the outer end of the spiral bimetallic sheet is connected to the inner wall of the base, the inner end of the spiral bimetallic sheet is connected to the shaft sleeve, the spiral bimetallic sheet is stretched and bent to drive the shaft sleeve to rotate when the temperature changes, the rotating dial is covered above the scale dial and can rotate, the shaft sleeve penetrates through the scale dial and the rotating dial, the lower end of the shaft sleeve is connected to the spiral bimetallic sheet, the upper end of the shaft sleeve is connected to the temperature pointer, the shaft sleeve drives the temperature pointer to rotate, and the transparent cover is covered on the upper portion of the base.

The invention discloses an optimization treatment method for wood for musical instruments. The optimization treatment method comprises the steps of low-temperature forced circulation drying treatment, low-temperature vacuum drying treatment, content regulation and control treatment, accelerated aging treatment and humidity regulation and balance treatment. The accelerated aging treatment comprises high-temperature treatment and low-temperature moisture absorption treatment, the oxygen content of the treatment environment is controlled in the high-temperature treatment process, and the two types of treatment are cyclically alternated for 2-8 times. The method has the advantages of being efficient, environmentally friendly, low in cost, free of additives, capable of keeping the original characteristics of wood and the like, the optimization treatment period of the wood is shortened, and the acoustic performance and the dimensional stability of the wood are further improved while the natural characteristics of the wood are kept to the maximum extent.

According to an aspect, there is provided a Coulomb blockade thermometer comprising an input electrode; an output electrode; and a sensor component coupled in-between the input and output electrodes. The sensor component comprises: an array of tunnel junctions comprising at least one row of tunnel junctions, a first heat sink and a second heat sink. The tunnel junctions of the array comprise an insulating layer forming a tunnel barrier between two electrically conducting volumes which are characterized by an absence of superconductivity. The absence of superconductivity in the two electrically conducting volumes is achieved by using titanium tungsten layers or scandium layers. The at least one row comprises a first tunnel junction, a second tunnel junction and a third tunnel junction. The first heat sink is coupled to the first and second tunnel junctions. The second heat sink is coupled to the second and third tunnel junctions. The first heat sink and the second heat sink are arranged to provide heat dissipation via electron-phonon coupling.

The invention relates to a process for producing Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion, said process comprising the following steps: a) supplying (100) Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder; b) carrying out (200) a grinding, called cryogenic grinding, of the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder at a temperature between -50°C and -196°C; c) supplying (300) an oxide powder; d) carrying out (400) a co-grinding of the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder with the oxide powder thus supplied to obtain Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder reinforced by an oxide dispersion; and e) producing (500) the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion from the powder thus produced. Figure for the summary: Figure 1

The present disclosure discloses a tibial plateau prosthesis with trabeculae containing zirconium-niobium alloy on oxidation layer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method uses zirconium niobium alloy powder as raw material, conducting a 3D printing for one-piece molding to obtain an intermediate product of the tibial plateau, performing hot isostatic pressing and cryogenic oxidation to obtain the tibial plateau prosthesis comprising a proximal trabecular layer and a distal trabecular layer; the pore size and porosity of the proximal trabecular layer are evenly arranged, and the distal trabecular layer are partitioned; the topological structure of the trabeculae of the tibial plateau prosthesis is gradiently distributed from three dimensions; the micro-strain in the 64%-72% region of the finite element model of the tibial plateau bone tissue is between the minimum effective strain threshold and the supraphysiological strain threshold, which increases the mechanical adaptation of the prosthesis.

The present invention provides a method for producing a rare earth permanent magnet material, which includes one or more deep-cooling and tempering treatments. When the method includes one deep-cooling and tempering treatment, the deep-cooling is performed between the sintering and tempering treatments or after the tempering treatment. When the method includes two or more deep-cooling and tempering treatments, at least one deep-cooling is performed between the sintering and tempering treatments, and at the same time, at least one deep-cooling is performed after the tempering treatment. The method for producing a rare earth permanent magnet material has the advantages of fine structure, homogenized structure, and rapid and easy processing, and can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the rare earth permanent magnet material and maintain excellent magnetic properties.

The invention relates to an installation for measuring the temperature of an external wall of a pipe, the device comprising: a pipe configured to allow the circulation of a fluid; a heat-to-thermoelectricity conversion device, configured to generate a potential difference when there is a temperature difference between an external wall of the pipe and the ambient air; an electronic circuit electrically connected to the heat-to-thermoelectricity conversion device, being configured to extract electrical energy from the potential difference and being configured to measure the temperature of the external wall of the pipe.

The bamboo wood deep dyeing method comprises the following steps: 1) bleaching treatment: processing raw bamboo into bamboo pieces, and bleaching after cooking with bleaching agent; 2) modification treatment: modifying the bamboo pieces with 0.4-1.0% alkali liquor, and using ultrasonic wave in the process, and the treatment temperature is 65-75 DEG C, and the treatment time is 20-40 min, and after the treatment, the bamboo pieces are frozen, and after the freezing treatment, the bamboo pieces are thawed for use; 3) dyeing treatment: immersing the bamboo pieces treated in step 2) into 1-4% sucrose aqueous solution, and keeping the temperature at 40-60 DEG C in the process, and keeping the pressure in the tank at 0.05-0.5 MPa, and the dyeing treatment time is 3-5 h; 4) drying treatment: taking out the bamboo pieces treated in step 3), washing the surface floating color, and then drying. The bamboo wood deep dyeing method can further improve the penetration, uniformity and fixation effect of dyeing, and has significant progress compared with the prior art.

The invention discloses a coconut shell structure imitating wood buffer material and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that wood is subjected to delignification treatment and soaked in water, and treated wood is obtained; the end face of the treated wood is subjected to end sealing treatment, and a sodium silicate solution is added for primary dipping treatment; and removing the end sealing material on the end surface of the impregnated wood, adding a polyvinyl alcohol solution, carrying out secondary impregnation treatment, and drying to obtain the wood buffer material with the imitated coconut shell structure. The wood buffer material with the imitated coconut shell structure has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good toughness, excellent buffer performance, excellent flame retardant property, good water resistance and the like, can replace a polystyrene foam material, and is widely applied to the field of product packaging.

The invention provides a method of producing a piece of delignified wood having a porous structure, said method comprising: chemically treating a piece of natural wood to remove at least 90% of lignin from the natural wood while substantially retaining cellulose-based lumina of the natural wood, thereby producing a piece of delignified wood; after the removing, drying the piece of delignified wood by freeze drying or critical point drying, such that the cellulose-based lumina remain open or unobstructed in a cross-sectional view; and after the drying, further chemically treating the piece of delignified wood to be hydrophobic or resistant to weather or salt water, or forming or depositing a coating on exterior surfaces of the delignified wood. The unique microstructure and composition of the delignified wood can provide advantageous thermal insulation properties, among other advantages described herein.

The invention relates to a process for producing Fe-12 / 18 Cr ferritic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion, comprising the following steps: a) supplying (100) Fe-12 / 18 Cr ferritic steel powder and oxide powder; b) co-milling (200) the Fe-12 / 18 Cr ferritic steel powder with the oxide powder to obtain Fe-12 / 18 Cr ferritic steel powder reinforced by an oxide dispersion; c) sieving (300) the Fe-12 / 18 Cr ferritic steel powder reinforced by an oxide dispersion to a predetermined initial average particle size; d) reprocessing (400) the Fe-12 / 18 Cr ferritic steel powder reinforced by an oxide dispersion to obtain a predetermined final average particle size which is strictly less than the predetermined initial average particle size; and, e) produce (500) Fe-12 / 18Cr ferritic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion. Figure for the abstract: Figure 1

The application discloses a preparation method of high-nitrogen steel powder with super-high nitrogen content, and specifically comprises the following steps: adding high-nitrogen steel powder into a vacuum boiler with nitrogen gas flowing therethrough for heating, and continuously stirring the powder to uniformly heat the powder and avoid agglomeration; after proper heat preservation, opening a filter screen window under the boiler and a lower powder outlet of the boiler, and under the action of high-pressure nitrogen gas jet, the powder in the boiler is screened through the filter screen; the screened powder falls into a liquid nitrogen pool for rapid cooling and nitrogen dissolving treatment; after the powder is treated in the liquid nitrogen for a certain time, the filter screen at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen pool is opened to treat the excess liquid nitrogen and screen the powder, and finally, the high-nitrogen steel powder with super-high nitrogen content is obtained in the liquid nitrogen pool. The method can obtain the high-nitrogen steel powder with super-high nitrogen content on the basis of traditional high-nitrogen steel powder preparation, and has the advantages of simple process, low cost, high practicability, easy industrial production and the like.

Disclosed are nanostructured materials, devices, systems and methods of their fabrication using cryogenic milling techniques. In some embodiments in accordance with the disclosed technology, a cryogenic milling method for fabricating electrode materials for batteries is described, which can be used to fabricate high volumetric / gravimetric capacity SnSb—C (tin-antimony with carbon) anode material and other alloy / intermetallic type carbon composite battery anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with significantly improved battery energy density and cycle life.

According to an aspect, there is provided a Coulomb blockade thermometer comprising an input electrode; an output electrode; and a sensor component coupled in-between the input and output electrodes. The sensor component comprises: an array of tunnel junctions comprising at least one row of tunnel junctions, a first heat sink and a second heat sink. The tunnel junctions of the array comprise an insulating layer forming a tunnel barrier between two electrically conducting volumes which are characterized by an absence of superconductivity. The absence of superconductivity in the two electrically conducting volumes is achieved by using titanium tungsten layers or scandium layers. The at least one row comprises a first tunnel junction, a second tunnel junction and a third tunnel junction. The first heat sink is coupled to the first and second tunnel junctions. The second heat sink is coupled to the second and third tunnel junctions. The first heat sink and the second heat sink are arranged to provide heat dissipation via electron-phonon coupling.

The present invention relates to a process for producing metal powder, in which a mixture comprising at least one metal material and at least one solvent is provided, the mixture is subjected to at least one grinding process, and the at least one solvent is separated from the mixture by evaporation. The at least one metal material is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, indium, and mixtures and alloys thereof. The at least one solvent has a vapor pressure of at least 0.002 bar at 20 °C and is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof. The at least one grinding process is carried out at a temperature that is at least 10 °C below the melting point of the at least one solvent. The present invention further relates to a metal powder and its use.

The invention relates to powder metallurgy, specifically to aluminium alloy-based powder materials used for manufacturing products by additive techniques, specifically by selective laser melting. The aluminium powder material contains the following components (wt.%): silicon 33.00-45.00, nickel 1.00-3.00, zirconium 0.10-1.00, chromium 0.10-0.80, titanium 0.05-0.50, iron 0.10-0.80, strontium and / or phosphorus 0.005-0.10, copper 0.02 (maximum), manganese 0.02 (maximum) and magnesium 0.02 (maximum). The aluminium powder material is used to manufacture products, which operate in contact with stainless steel, by additive techniques. It provides a low coefficient of thermal expansion, not exceeding 17·10-6 °C-1, and a yield strength of at least 200 MPa, suitable for producing additive products.

The present invention provides a method to calibrate sensors and use of such sensors. In particular, the method of calibrating sensors can be carried out using ablation. The present invention also provides a method of generating a sensor by a direct electrical and / or mechanical attachment of surface-mount technology and surface mount devices to bonded, flexible, multiconductor ribbon cable.

A scalable additive manufacturing system for handling complex feed materials which includes a feed assembly including a drive assembly configured to receive a feed material and selectively displace the feed material along a length thereof, an annealer configured to selectively heat a portion of the feed material to an annealing temperature to increase workability of the wire, and an end effector. The end effector includes a chuck configured to accept the feed material, a directed energy source configured to selectively melt at least a portion of the feed material, and a nozzle operably coupled to the chuck, the nozzle configured to selectively deposit the melted portion of the feed material onto a substrate to form a melt pool. The feed material may be a core-wire that can include a core formed of a first material, and a sheath formed from a second material different from the first material.

The invention discloses coordination polymer glass multifunctional flame-retardant wood and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wood flame retardance. According to the method, the wood is soaked in the zinc phosphate solution and the imidazole solution, ZnP-H2Im is prepared in situ, and ZnP-H2Im crystals have the remarkable low-melting-point characteristic at the temperature of 154 DEG C and are highly matched with the conventional temperature range (150-180 DEG C) of wood heat treatment; the prepared modified wood is heated, ZnP-H2Im crystals can be subjected to glass transition, ZnP-H2Im glass films are generated on the surfaces of wood cell walls, cell cavities and fibers, the flame retardant property of the wood is remarkably improved through multiple flame retardant mechanisms, the prepared flame retardant wood can provide protection in the whole stage that the wood makes contact with flames, and the flame retardant property of the wood is improved. Meanwhile, the problems of non-uniform distribution, easy loss and the like of the flame retardant are solved.

The invention relates to a method for producing an austenitic steel Fe—Cr—Ni strengthened by an oxide dispersion, said method comprising the following steps:a) providing (100) an austenitic steel Fe—Cr—Ni powder;b) carrying out (200) a grinding operation, known as cryogenic grinding, on the austenitic steel Fe—Cr—Ni powder at a temperature of between −50° C. and −196° C. ;c) providing (300) a powder of oxides ;d) carrying out (400) a co-grinding of the austenitic steel Fe—Cr—Ni powder with the oxide powder thus supplied to obtain an austenitic steel Fe—Cr—Ni powder strengthened by an oxide dispersion; ande) producing (500) the austenitic steel Fe—Cr—Ni strengthened by an oxide dispersion from the powder thus produced.

Diamond sensors for temperature and radiation measurement and helmet for real-time temperature and radiation detection The disclosure relates to a manufacturing process of temperature sensors with detection properties through thermal conduction and electromagnetic radiation. These temperature sensors are NTC (negative temperature coefficient) thermistors that are based on diamond films on flat semiconductor and ceramic substrates. These sensors comprise a diamond surface that is sensitive to temperature and radiation, on one of the substrate surfaces, whether or not protected by a non-temperature-sensitive diamond surface and metal carbide ohmic contacts on the other surface of the substrate. The disclosure also relates to personal protective equipment (PPE) comprising the temperature and infrared radiation detection system for integration into helmets with sensors with high durability and small size, aimed at preventing injuries to professionals from exposure to extreme conditions. The sensors comprising this detection system consist of a layer of polycrystalline boron-doped diamond overlaid by a layer of non-boron-doped polycrystalline diamond.

Circuits and methods related to temperature sensing of regions within a superconducting integrated circuit (IC) using in-situ resonators are described. An example relates to a superconducting IC including a first resonator having a first spatial location in relation to a floor plan of the superconducting IC. The superconducting IC further includes a second resonator having a second spatial location in relation to the floor plan of the superconducting IC. The superconducting IC further includes a feed line configured to provide a test signal to each of the first resonator and the second resonator in order to elicit a frequency response from the first resonator or the second resonator, where the frequency response is correlated with a first region within the superconducting IC corresponding to the first spatial location or with a second region within the superconducting IC corresponding to the second spatial location.

Aspects of the technology provide a method / system of sensing a change in temperature and / or strain in an optical fibre comprising a substantially continuous or quasi-continuous fibre Bragg grating. A difference spectrum is determined between a reference reflected spectrum of the fibre Bragg grating and a monitored reflected spectrum. The difference spectrum is analysed to determine whether the optical fibre is experiencing a change of type a)—a temperature increase or an extension—or of type b)—a temperature decrease or a contraction. The technology may be applied to sensing a change in temperature and / or strain in a superconductor or detecting a risk of a quench in a superconductor.

This invention discloses a flexible wood-based film based on obliquely cut wood blocks loaded with silver nanowires and its preparation method. The preparation method includes the following steps: 1) cutting wood blocks at an angle of 22.5-67.5° to the direction of wood fiber growth to obtain wood sheets; 2) removing lignin from the wood sheets by delignification treatment; 3) impregnating the delignified wood sheets with deionized water; 4) loading silver nanowires onto the wood sheets using a vacuum-assisted method and drying to obtain delignified wood sheets loaded with silver nanowires; 6) obtaining the flexible wood-based film based on obliquely cut wood blocks loaded with silver nanowires by hot pressing. This invention increases the permeability of the loading material within the wood sheets and improves the loading capacity of the wood sheets by obliquely cutting the wood blocks, while also taking into account the mechanical properties of the wood sheets.