148results about "Cryogenics" patented technology

New types of particle feedstocks and heterogeneous grain structures are provided for rare earth permanent magnets (REPMs) and their production in a manner to significantly enhance toughness of the magnet with little or no sacrifice in the hard magnetic properties. The novel tough REPMs made from the feedstock have heterogeneous grain structures, such as bi-modal, tri-modal, multi-modal, laminated, gridded, gradient fine / coarse grain structures, or other microstructural heterogeneity and configurations, without changing the chemical compositions of magnets.

The invention relates to a method of additive manufacturing of an electronic circuit. The method comprises the steps of providing a printing device comprising a build plate; a first printhead configured for printing a conductive molten metal and a second printhead configured for printing a non-conductive material. The method further comprises printing the electronic circuit by printing conductive elements from the conductive molten metal using the first printhead and printing a non-conductive structure using the second printhead of the printing device. In a further aspect, the invention relates to a printing device for the additive manufacturing of an electronic circuit. The printing device comprises: a build plate, a first printhead configured for printing conductive elements from a conductive molten metal and a second printhead configured for printing a non-conductive structure from a dielectric material.

The application describes a machine tool adapted and arranged to carry out removal and addition of material on a work piece located in a work station, the machine having a first head arranged to remove material from the work piece and at least a second head arranged to process the work piece, each of the first and second heads being arranged to be moveable in at least two axes and preferably in 3, 4 or 5 axes and wherein the machine is arranged to control an environment of the work station. The work station is at least partially sealable. The machine has a clean side and a dirty side. Novel processing heads particularly adapted for use in the new machine tool are disclosed. These may also be retrofitted to CNC machines. The novel heads include heads adapted to carry out two processes simultaneously. Heads adapted to carry out heat and pressure treatment are also disclosed. Use of the processing heads to carry out analysis in manufacturing steps is disclosed as is the provision and use of heads that can carry out analysis as well as processing.

The invention relates to a high-entropy alloy aerogel material with a dielectric near-zero characteristic as well as a preparation method and application of the high-entropy alloy aerogel material. The high-entropy alloy aerogel material is a three-dimensional porous structure material prepared from Cu, Co, Ni, Ag and Bi metal salts through a freeze thawing method. Compared with the prior art, the high-entropy alloy aerogel material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention realizes the dielectric near-zero characteristic near the radio frequency of 10.3 MHz, also has higher charge transfer efficiency, and has important significance in the design aspect of radio frequency electronic devices.

Disclosed are systems and methods for detecting phase state information of objects in a facility. An apparatus can include a case with sensors. The sensors can detect environmental conditions related to an object and generate signals based on the detected conditions. The sensors can include temperature sensors, acoustic sensors, ultrasonic transducers, and / or humidity sensors. The apparatus can include a wireless transceiver to transmit the signals to a computer system. The computer system can process the signals using machine learning models to determine temperature and / or phase state information of the object, such as food products that are retained in / by the object. The apparatus can be removably affixed to the object. Sometimes, the apparatus can be positioned amongst many objects, such as multiple item cases on a pallet to determine an overall temperature and / or phase of the items on the pallet. The temperature / phase information can be used to optimize facility cooling operations.

The invention belongs to the technical field of renewable resource utilization and new energy, and relates to a wood-based water photovoltaic power generation material and a preparation method and application thereof.The wood-based water photovoltaic power generation material is prepared by taking natural wood as a raw material, performing chemical modification treatment and combining directional freeze drying and salting-out treatment. The wood-based water photovoltaic power generation material with relatively good mechanical strength is prepared by using the wood-based material as a raw material, the wood-based material has a highly-oriented porous structure, and under the conditions of 25 DEG C, standard atmospheric pressure and relative air humidity RH 30%, a 200-mesh copper mesh is used as an electrode, and the open-circuit voltage of a nano power generation device obtained by assembling in deionized water reaches 110 mV, and the short-circuit circuit reaches 0.74 mA. The material is simple in preparation process and wide in application scene, adopts natural high polymer materials as raw materials, has the environment-friendly advantages of reproducibility and biodegradability, and has a wide application prospect in the field of new energy materials.

Diamond sensors for temperature and radiation measurement and helmet for real-time temperature and radiation detection The disclosure relates to a manufacturing process of temperature sensors with detection properties through thermal conduction and electromagnetic radiation. These temperature sensors are NTC (negative temperature coefficient) thermistors that are based on diamond films on flat semiconductor and ceramic substrates. These sensors comprise a diamond surface that is sensitive to temperature and radiation, on one of the substrate surfaces, whether or not protected by a non-temperature-sensitive diamond surface and metal carbide ohmic contacts on the other surface of the substrate. The disclosure also relates to personal protective equipment (PPE) comprising the temperature and infrared radiation detection system for integration into helmets with sensors with high durability and small size, aimed at preventing injuries to professionals from exposure to extreme conditions. The sensors comprising this detection system consist of a layer of polycrystalline boron-doped diamond overlaid by a layer of non-boron-doped polycrystalline diamond.

The invention relates to the field of laser additive machining, in particular to a double-shielding-gas additive machining method and a laser head, and the double-shielding-gas additive machining method comprises the following steps that S100, inner-layer shielding gas is opened, and the inner-layer shielding gas is output to an additive area; s200, a laser output head is started, a powder feeder is started, and powder is fed to the material adding area; s300, the additive machining head is controlled to move relative to the workpiece or the additive base according to the set path; and S400, the outer-layer protective gas is opened, the outer-layer protective gas is sprayed to the exterior of the current additive area, oxidation of materials in the additive area can be prevented, and the laser additive machining effect is improved. The double-shielding-gas additive machining laser head comprises the base, the wire feeding unit and the multiple coaxial powder feeding laser output heads, the coaxial powder feeding laser output heads are provided with the inner-layer protection gas pipes and the outer-layer protection gas channels, and the double-shielding-gas additive machining method can be achieved.

An attenuator or dissipating element arranged to thermalize radio frequency or lower frequency signals, respectively, comprises: at least a first heat sink and a second heat sink (230, 231, 232, 233) that are capacitively grounded and arranged to provide heat dissipation via electron-phonon coupling; and at least one tunnel junction (220, 221, 222, 223, 224) coupled to the first heat sink and the second heat sink; wherein a combined resistance of the at least one tunnel junction and a heat sink coupled to it is below h / e 2; and / or a total capacitance of the first heat sink and the second heat sink, respectively, is above e 2 / 2 k b T, wherein h is the Planck constant, e is the elementary charge, k b is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the minimum operating temperature of the element. Preferably, an array (200) of N rows (204) and M columns (202) of non-superconducting metal-insulator-metal tunnel junctions is employed.

1. A method for determining the temperature of a product being transported on a conveyor belt in a cold tunnel, comprising the steps of: - continuously measuring the surface temperature of the product moving on the conveyor belt; - measuring the thickness of the product at the point where the temperature measurement is taken; - performing the following evaluation: a. when the thickness of the product is within a certain range, the temperature measured for said product is considered to be a reliable value; b. when the thickness of the product is outside the range, the last temperature value measured for the product is considered to be a reliable value in accordance with paragraph a) above; and c. after a determined period of time during which the measured thickness is outside the range, it is concluded that there is no product on the conveyor belt and the temperature measurement is no longer taken into account.

The invention relates to an installation for measuring a temperature of an external wall of a pipeline, the device comprising: a pipeline configured to allow the circulation of a fluid; a device for converting heat into thermoelectricity, configured to generate a potential difference when there is a temperature difference between an external wall of the pipeline and the ambient air; an electronic circuit electrically connected to the device for converting heat into thermoelectricity, being configured to extract electrical energy from the potential difference and being configured to measure the temperature of the external wall of the pipeline.

The invention relates to the technical field of wood, in particular to an insulating laminated wood continuous hot press molding process which comprises the following steps: pretreatment: peeling and cutting a wood raw material; according to the method, in the preparation process of the soaking solution, treated modified glass wool and fluorine-containing groups with low surface energy on the surface can be filled in pores of wood after being soaked, moisture invasion is prevented, the influence of moisture on the electrical insulation performance is reduced, meanwhile, the glass wool has certain insulativity, and the electrical insulation performance of the wood is improved. After the aluminum hydroxide and the epoxy resin are mixed and subjected to crosslinking reaction treatment, chemical bond connection is formed between molecular chains of the epoxy resin, a three-dimensional network structure is constructed, movement of electrons can be effectively limited, migration paths of the electrons in the material are reduced, and therefore the electrical insulation performance of the composite insulation additive is improved; and in the subsequent steps, the materials can be uniformly distributed in the wood, so that the insulating capacity of the wood is enhanced.

This invention relates to the field of wood processing technology, and provides a novel method for preparing slicing from the decay and softening of extra-hardwood. The method includes the following steps: immersing a wood sample in a water-filled container, first applying a vacuum, then depressurizing and maintaining the pressure for a period of time to allow liquid water to penetrate the wood cell cavities; heating the immersed sample and applying a vacuum again to cause the liquid water to boil and vaporize; extracting the sample after the bursting treatment with cold and hot water sequentially to remove extractives from the wood and reduce its decay resistance; adjusting the moisture content; treating the sample with brown rot fungi to cause decay and softening on the axial surface of the sample; soaking the sample in water and then freezing it until it is solid, followed by slicing. This invention can successfully produce slicings of extra-hardwood, providing a strong theoretical foundation and technical means for studying the structure of extra-hardwood, predicting its physical and mechanical properties, and improving its high-value-added processing and utilization.

Metal-foam mesh structures are used in a variety of applications where flexible mesh structures are utilized, such as steam chamber wicks and various diaphragms and energy electrodes. The new metal-foam mesh hybrid material has a three-dimensionally connected microporous structure and has improved mechanical properties, including good strength, ductility, flexibility, and other properties.

A system for recalibrating a temperature reading of a Dewar flask includes a vapor plug and an electronic device. The vapor plug includes a vapor plug cap, a neck extending from the vapor plug cap, and a sensor located on the neck. The neck is configured to be inserted into an opening of a Dewar flask. The sensor is configured to detect at least one parameter associated with the Dewar flask. The electronic device is in communication with the sensor and is configured to receive, recalibrate, and transmit at least one parameter from the sensor.

The invention relates to a process for producing Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion, said process comprising the following steps: a) supplying (100) Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder; b) carrying out (200) a grinding, called cryogenic grinding, of the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder at a temperature between -50°C and -196°C; c) supplying (300) an oxide powder; d) carrying out (400) a co-grinding of the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder with the oxide powder thus supplied to obtain Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder reinforced by an oxide dispersion; and e) producing (500) the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion from the powder thus produced.

Systems and methods for multi modular ring mode fiber optic configuration, laser powder bed fusion, and fine process control during an additive manufacturing (AM) process. A multi-mode ring laser beam with a first power distributed in a first beam is generated as a spot or a first ring beam, and a second power distributed in a second ring beam surrounding the first beam concentrically. The beam is applied to one or more materials of a build piece. The methods include controlling an optical component to apply a laser beam to a region of materia during an AM process, receiving sensor data regarding the region; determining a process characteristic of the region based on the sensor data, obtaining a comparison by comparing the process characteristic to a target characteristic, and modifying a variable corresponding to control of the optical component based on the comparison that modifies a printing output in accordance with a target output.

The present invention discloses a loofah seed oil microcapsule and a loofah seed oil microcapsule-impregnated modified bamboo and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the loofah seed oil microcapsule comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving and treating a natural polymer to obtain a natural polymer solution; (2) adding the loofah seed oil into the natural polymer solution for microencapsulation reaction treatment to obtain an emulsion containing the loofah seed oil microcapsule. The preparation method of the loofah seed oil microcapsule-impregnated modified bamboo comprises the following steps: (1) pre-treating the bamboo; (2) impregnating the bamboo. The present invention first applies the microcapsule technology to the anti-mildew modification of bamboo, prepares microcapsules with a particle size less than 1000 nm, ensures deep impregnation, can protect the chemical components of the plant essential oil, realizes the slow release of the active ingredients of the loofah seed oil, regulates the pore structure of the bamboo by means of microwave treatment and freeze-drying, improves the porosity of the bamboo, enables the microcapsules to be effectively combined with the bamboo, and realizes the long-term anti-mildew of the bamboo.

A high temperature superconductor (HTS) cable includes at least one HTS tape stack extending along a length of the HTS cable and at least one optical fiber extending along the HTS cable, the at least one optical fiber having a plurality of gratings spaced apart from one another along a length of the HTS cable for detecting quenches of the at least one HTS tape stack.

The application discloses a preparation method of formaldehyde-free low-carbon wood composite material, which comprises the following steps: preparing an impregnation solution, removing lignin on wood by using an alkaline solution to obtain a wood matrix; pretreating the obtained wood matrix by using a gas phase treatment process to control and adjust the pores on the wood matrix; cyclically freezing and impregnating the wood matrix by using the impregnation solution; heating the wood matrix after the S3 treatment; and ultraviolet curing, so that the voids on the wood after the lignin is removed are more uniform, the impregnation of the impregnation solution in the later impregnation process is easier, the situation that all areas cannot be filled is avoided, the uniformity of the pores is greatly improved, the impregnation degree and impregnation efficiency in the later impregnation process are improved, and the physical performance and stability of the wood are improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of high-nitrogen steel powder with ultrahigh nitrogen content, which specifically comprises the following steps: adding the high-nitrogen steel powder into a vacuum boiler filled with nitrogen for heating, and continuously stirring to uniformly heat the powder and avoid agglomeration at the same time; after heat preservation is conducted for a proper time, a filter screen window below the boiler is opened, meanwhile, a lower powder outlet of the boiler is opened, and powder in the boiler is screened through a filter screen under the action of high-pressure nitrogen jet flow; the screened powder falls into a liquid nitrogen pool for rapid cooling and nitrogen dissolving treatment; and after the powder is treated by liquid nitrogen for a certain time, a filter screen at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen pool is opened to treat redundant liquid nitrogen and screen the powder, and finally the high-nitrogen steel powder with the ultrahigh nitrogen content is obtained in the liquid nitrogen pool. According to the method, the high-nitrogen steel powder with the ultrahigh nitrogen content can be obtained on the basis of traditional high-nitrogen steel powder preparation, and the method has the advantages of being simple in process, low in cost, high in practicability, convenient to achieve industrial production and the like.

The application relates to a temperature recording device for a cold chain and a temperature recording method thereof. The temperature recording device can be applied to the temperature recording of the fields of food, medicines and the like which need to be kept at low temperature for production, storage and transportation. The temperature recording device comprises a base, a transparent cover, a spiral bimetallic sheet, a central shaft, a shaft sleeve, a temperature pointer, a scale dial and a rotating dial. A one-way hook is arranged on the temperature pointer, a recording arrow and a clamping groove are arranged on the rotating dial, the central shaft is fixed in the center of the base, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the central shaft and can rotate, the outer end of the spiral bimetallic sheet is connected to the inner wall of the base, the inner end of the spiral bimetallic sheet is connected to the shaft sleeve, the spiral bimetallic sheet is stretched and bent to drive the shaft sleeve to rotate when the temperature changes, the rotating dial is covered above the scale dial and can rotate, the shaft sleeve penetrates through the scale dial and the rotating dial, the lower end of the shaft sleeve is connected to the spiral bimetallic sheet, the upper end of the shaft sleeve is connected to the temperature pointer, the shaft sleeve drives the temperature pointer to rotate, and the transparent cover is covered on the upper portion of the base.

This application provides an injection molded alloy material and a processing method, so as to improve strength of the alloy material, thin a structure of a terminal product, reduce production costs of the product, and improve production efficiency of the product. The injection molded alloy material includes the following components: carbon (C) occupying ≦ 0.10% of a total weight of the alloy material, nickel (Ni) occupying 4.5-8.5% of the total weight of the alloy material, chromium (Cr) occupying 5.5-9.5% of the total weight of the alloy material, molybdenum (Mo) occupying 4.5-7.5% of the total weight of the alloy material, cobalt (Co) occupying 13.0-18.0% of the total weight of the alloy material, vanadium (V) occupying ≦ 1.0% of the total weight of the alloy material, and a remaining component of iron (Fe).

The invention discloses an optimization treatment method for wood for musical instruments. The optimization treatment method comprises the steps of low-temperature forced circulation drying treatment, low-temperature vacuum drying treatment, content regulation and control treatment, accelerated aging treatment and humidity regulation and balance treatment. The accelerated aging treatment comprises high-temperature treatment and low-temperature moisture absorption treatment, the oxygen content of the treatment environment is controlled in the high-temperature treatment process, and the two types of treatment are cyclically alternated for 2-8 times. The method has the advantages of being efficient, environmentally friendly, low in cost, free of additives, capable of keeping the original characteristics of wood and the like, the optimization treatment period of the wood is shortened, and the acoustic performance and the dimensional stability of the wood are further improved while the natural characteristics of the wood are kept to the maximum extent.

A system for recalibrating a temperature reading of a dewar includes a vapor plug and an electronic device. The vapor plug includes a vapor plug cover, a neck extending from the vapor plug cover, and a sensor positioned on the neck. The neck is configured to be inserted into an opening of the dewar. The sensor is configured to detect at least one parameter associated with the dewar. The electronic device is in communication with the sensor, and is configured to receive, recalibrate, and transmit the at least one parameter from the sensor.

A system for improving an electrical conductivity and reducing an electrical energy loss in an electrical component, the system includes a temperature sensor, insulation for enclosing the electrical component and the temperature sensor, a cooling source to be coupled to the electrical component through the insulation, and a computer connected to the cooling source and the temperature sensor, where the computer is configured to control the cooling source to cool the electrical component to a user-definable temperature as indicated by the temperature sensor and maintain the electrical component at the user-definable temperature for a user-definable period of time.

According to an aspect, there is provided a Coulomb blockade thermometer comprising an input electrode; an output electrode; and a sensor component coupled in-between the input and output electrodes. The sensor component comprises: an array of tunnel junctions comprising at least one row of tunnel junctions, a first heat sink and a second heat sink. The tunnel junctions of the array comprise an insulating layer forming a tunnel barrier between two electrically conducting volumes which are characterized by an absence of superconductivity. The absence of superconductivity in the two electrically conducting volumes is achieved by using titanium tungsten layers or scandium layers. The at least one row comprises a first tunnel junction, a second tunnel junction and a third tunnel junction. The first heat sink is coupled to the first and second tunnel junctions. The second heat sink is coupled to the second and third tunnel junctions. The first heat sink and the second heat sink are arranged to provide heat dissipation via electron-phonon coupling.

The invention relates to a process for producing Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion, said process comprising the following steps: a) supplying (100) Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder; b) carrying out (200) a grinding, called cryogenic grinding, of the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder at a temperature between -50°C and -196°C; c) supplying (300) an oxide powder; d) carrying out (400) a co-grinding of the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder with the oxide powder thus supplied to obtain Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel powder reinforced by an oxide dispersion; and e) producing (500) the Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic steel reinforced by an oxide dispersion from the powder thus produced. Figure for the summary: Figure 1

A virtual thermocouple system for non-invasively predicting product characteristics is disclosed, which includes one or more temperature sensing systems including a resistive network which includes a temperature sensing device comprising a plurality of negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors, and a load resistor, a corresponding system-on-chip coupled to a corresponding resistive network and configured to i) power the corresponding resistive network, ii) receive corresponding signals from each NTC thermistor of the corresponding temperature sensing device, iii) process the signal associated with each NTC thermistor of the corresponding temperature sensing device and thus generate data associated with each NTC thermistor, and iv) transmitting the processed data, a power generating device configured to provide power to the corresponding system-on-chip, and a base stations adapted to i) receive the processed data from a corresponding system-on-chip, and ii) using a predefined model, and non-invasively translate the processed data to thermal characteristics of a product.