The invention discloses an 
electric power line patrol electric 
tower detection and identification method and 
system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which are suitable for a pre-trained 
tower identification neural 
network model, and the method comprise the following steps: controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform automatic patrol according to a 
visual positioning method; collecting an image in the unmanned aerial 
vehicle inspection process, generating 
synthetic data according to the image, and transmitting the 
synthetic data to the trained 
tower identification neural 
network model; and the tower identification neural 
network model generates belief mapping based on the 
synthetic data, identifies the tower according to the belief mapping, and outputs a final identification result. The tower in the image acquired in the unmanned aerial 
vehicle inspection process is automatically identified through the tower identification neural network model, the unmanned aerial vehicle iscontrolled to perform automatic inspection through the 
visual positioning method, human intervention is not needed in the whole process, the detection precision is high, the labor cost is saved, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.