The invention relates to the technical field of structural culverts, in particular to a fabricated steel-concrete composite structure culvert which comprises a bottom plate body, a standing plate body and a top plate body, first inserting blocks are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate body, the four sets of first inserting blocks are symmetrically distributed in pairs, and first locking holes are formed in the side walls of the first inserting blocks. A second inserting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate body, a second locking hole is formed in the side wall of the second inserting block, positioning grooves are formed in the top and the bottom of the standing plate body, fixing mechanisms corresponding to the first inserting block and the second inserting block are arranged on the side wall of the standing plate body, and a positioning hole is formed in one side of the upper surface of the bottom plate body; a locking mechanism is arranged on the other side of the upper surface of the bottom plate main body, when the bottom plate main body, the standing plate main body and the top plate main body are mounted, positioning and mounting of the bottom plate main body, the standing plate main body and the top plate main body are facilitated, the splicing time is saved, the accuracy of the mounting position is guaranteed, and the bottom plate main body, the standing plate main body and the top plate main body can be temporarily fixed.