Preparation method of porous carbon material

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous carbon material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, alkali metal hydroxides and methacrylate copolymers in parts by weight, and extruding at the temperature of 190-210 DEG C to obtain a granulating material; then increasing the temperature of the granulating material from 25 DEG C to 800-900 DEG C in an inert gas atmosphere at two-stage heating rate for carbonization, and then reducing the temperature to 25 DEG C at the cooling rate of 20-40 DEG C / min to obtain a carbonized material; then immersing the carbonized material into an aromatic substance for 2-4 hours, then increasing the temperature from 25 DEG C to 900-1000 DEG C in the inert gas atmosphere at the two-stage heating rate, keeping constant temperature for 3-4 hours, and then reducing the temperature to 25 DEG C at the cooling rate of 15-30 DEG C / min to obtain the porous carbon material. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple process, environmental protection, easiness for industrialization and stability in product property.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a porous carbon material, in particular to a method for preparing a porous carbon material by using chlorinated polyvinyl chloride as a main raw material. Background technique [0002] Porous carbon material is a new type of non-polar carbon adsorbent material developed in the 1960s. Porous carbon materials have uniform pore size distribution, high chemical stability and gas selectivity. At present, porous carbon materials have been widely used in environmental protection, chemical industry, petroleum industry, food processing, hydrometallurgy, pharmaceutical refining, military protection, etc. each field. [0003] There are a wide range of raw materials for preparing porous carbon materials, mainly including organic polymers (polyvinylidene chloride resin, phenolic resin, etc.), various coals and coal-based derivatives (lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite, etc.), biomass (wood, shell, bagasse, etc.), ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, polyvinylidene chloride is used to prepare porous carbon materials, which generally contains unreacted chlorine atoms, which affects the thermal and chemical stability of porous carbon materials during use. At the same time, due to the low hardness of polyvinylidene chloride, It makes it easy to produce closed cells during the preparation of porous carbon materials, and it is difficult to control the pore size, which affects the performance and stability of porous carbon materials

Moreover, HCl will be produced during the heating dechlorination process of polyvinylidene chloride, and the time required for the dechlorination process is longer, resulting in a long production cycle, and the thermal decomposition temperature is required to be as high as 1000 ° C, resulting in high energy consumption; while using microwave dechlorination method, although the required time is shortened, it is more difficult to mass-produce

In addition, during the preparation of porous carbon materials from polyvinylidene chloride, the HCl produced will inevitably corrode equipment and pollute the environment.

However, purely using polyvinyl chloride to prepare porous carbon materials, due to the insufficient chlorine content in the molecular structure, leads to a low ring formation rate after the removal of chlorine, the strength of porous carbon materials is reduced, and the pore structure is complex and difficult to control, which affects the performance of porous carbon materials. Performance and stability, difficult to industrial production