Preparation method of fiber felt enhanced silica aerogel composite panel

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a fiber felt enhanced silica aerogel composite panel. The method comprises the following steps: with industrial-grade water glass as a silicon source, carrying out alkylation on a silica gel surface with a silane modifier, and drying at ordinary pressure, so as to prepare silicon dioxide aerogel particles; mixing and doping the prepared silica aerogel powder with hot melt adhesive powder in a fiber felt at the ratio, and carrying out thermo-compression formation, so as to prepare the silica aerogel composite panel, wherein the mass content of aerogel is 39%-61%; the density of the composite panel is 98-260kg / m<2>; the compressive strength can be up to 2.9-3.7MPa; the breaking strength is 1.9-3.3MPa; the heat conductivity coefficient is less than 0.023-0.035W / (m.K); and the hydrophobic angle reaches 129-153 DEG. The preparation method is low in silicon source cost, simple in synthetic process, and low in equipment demands; the prepared silica aerogel composite panel does not come off; and the fiber felt enhanced silica aerogel composite panel has self-supporting ability, and can be applied to the fields of heat preservation, heat insulation, fire protection, sound isolation, oil absorption and the like.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical fields of building thermal insulation, fire protection, sound insulation materials and oil pollution absorption, and specifically relates to a method for preparing a silica aerogel composite board. Background technique [0002] Silica aerogel is a light porous amorphous inorganic polymer material with a continuous three-dimensional network structure composed of nano-scale pores with a volume fraction of more than 90% and a silica skeleton with a volume fraction of less than 10%. Its unique structural characteristics make silica aerogel have the advantages of low density, high porosity, large specific surface area, and extremely low thermal conductivity. Silica aerogel has broad application prospects in the fields of energy, chemical metallurgy, building energy conservation and aerospace. [0003] When silica aerogel is dried, its pores will be destroyed and the structure will collapse due to capillary force. The tradit...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] When silica airgel is dry, its pores will be destroyed due to capillary force, and its structure will collapse.

However, tetraethyl orthosilicate is toxic and expensive, and silicon alkoxide is not suitable for industrial production as a silicon source.

[0006] Ryu et al. use glass fiber composite silica gel, but the mechanical strength is relatively poor; Wang Hong et al. use glass fiber felt, rock wool felt and other inorganic fiber mats composited with silica airgel, but it is easy to drop powder and is resistant to bending. Low strength, difficult to support itself, easy to deform

[0007] Traditional asbestos materials are more polluting, while calcium silicate materials have higher thermal conductivity; organic polymer materials, such as: extruded polystyrene, foamed phenolic resin, epoxy resin, have low thermal conductivity and have been widely used in recent years. But poor weather resistance, flammable

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