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Composite nanofiber material and preparation and application thereof

A technology of nanofibers and composite materials, applied in the direction of alkali metal compounds, other chemical processes, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of high energy consumption in the regeneration process, slow adsorption treatment speed, secondary water pollution, etc., and achieve stable performance , high commercial value, good adsorption performance

Pending Publication Date: 2019-05-10
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The above studies mainly use activated carbon as the matrix material for chemical modification or multiphase composite. However, activated carbon materials have defects such as slow adsorption treatment speed, high energy consumption in the regeneration process, and poor cycle performance.
Furthermore, chemically modified activated carbon materials will bring secondary water pollution problems that cannot be ignored, and the applicant has not evaluated this and proposed a solution

Method used

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  • Composite nanofiber material and preparation and application thereof
  • Composite nanofiber material and preparation and application thereof
  • Composite nanofiber material and preparation and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0056] 1. Electrospinning precursor solution preparation. Nickel nitrate 0.0343g and samarium nitrate 0.7657g are dissolved in the mixed solution of 5g / 5g water and ethanol, make by final product, the atomic percent of nickel is 5at.%, the atomic percent of samarium is 95at.%, then add final Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, Mn1300000) with a concentration of 8wt.%, so that the mass ratio of nitrate to PVP is 1:1; stir at room temperature for 6 hours until the polyvinylpyrrolidone is completely dissolved and a uniform, transparent and fluid precursor solution is obtained .

[0057] 2. Preparation of precursor fibers by electrospinning.

[0058] 3. Heat treatment process. The collected precursor fibers were placed in a tube furnace, fed with inert protective gas nitrogen, heated to 800 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min, and heat-treated at 800 °C for 2 h. The heat treatment process can remove the polymer in the precursor fiber and obtain Ni / Sm with better crystallization 2 o 3 Ino...

Embodiment 2

[0062] 1. Electrospinning precursor solution preparation. Nickel nitrate 0.0375g and samarium nitrate 0.7625g are dissolved in the mixed solution of 5g / 5g water and ethanol, make by final product, wherein the atomic percent of nickel is 5.5at.%, and the atomic percent of samarium is 94.5at.%, Then add the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, Mn1300000) of final concentration 8wt.%, make the mass ratio of nitrate and PVP be 1:1; precursor solution.

[0063] 2. Preparation of precursor fibers by electrospinning.

[0064] 3. Heat treatment process. The collected precursor fibers were placed in a tube furnace, fed with inert protective gas nitrogen, heated to 800 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min, and heat-treated at 800 °C for 2 h. The heat treatment process can remove the polymer in the precursor fiber and obtain Ni / Sm with better crystallization 2 o 3 Inorganic composite nanofiber, the diameter of the nanofiber is 180nm, and the size of the transition metal nanoparticle is 10nm.

[...

Embodiment 3

[0068] Dissolve 0.0472g of nickel nitrate and 0.7528g of samarium nitrate in a mixed solution of 5g / 5g of water and ethanol, so that, based on the final product, the atomic percentage of nickel is 7 at.%, the atomic percentage of samarium is 93 at.%, and the rest are prepared The conditions are the same as in Example 2. Obtain Ni / Sm with better crystallization 2 o 3 Inorganic composite nanofiber, the diameter of the nanofiber is 220nm, and the size of the transition metal nanoparticle is 20nm.

[0069] Test mode is identical with embodiment 2, and experimental result shows, Ni / Sm 2 o 3 The nanofibers can absorb 96% of rhodamine B in solution within 10 seconds.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a composite nanofiber material and preparation and application thereof. The composite nanofiber material particularly relates to purification treatment on organic micro-pollutants degradation-resistant in water. The composite nanofiber material is composed of a rear earth oxide substrate and metal nanoparticles dispersed inside the substrate or on the surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate is the oxides of at least one rear earth element selected from Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er and Yb; the metal nanoparticles are transition metal elements such as nickel, iron, cobalt and copper. By combining the triple effects of the transition metal nanoparticles, the rear earth oxides and interfacial effects, the composite nanofiber material with ultrafast pollutant treatment effects can be obtained and can be widely applied to various degradation-resistant water pollutants derived from industry, agriculture and medical industry. Besides, the composite nanofiber material is simple in materials and preparation, free from secondary pollution and reusable, reduces the water treatment cost and has a broad application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a composite material nanofiber and its preparation and application, in particular to water treatment for refractory high-risk organic micro-pollutants in water bodies. Background technique [0002] Sufficient and safe water supply is the fundamental requirement for the operation of living organisms and the basic condition for maintaining the sustainable development of industry and agriculture. However, water pollution caused by various pollutants has caused an extremely serious shortage of water resources in the world and endangered the safety of human beings and other living things. For example, a series of endocrine disruptors, represented by bisphenol A and ethinyl estradiol, which are common in the water environment, are highly toxic at low concentrations, and can have a huge impact on the endocrine system, etc., eventually causing animal and human Genital disorders, abnormal behavior, reduced reproductive capacity, juveni...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01J20/06B01J20/28B01J20/30B01D67/00B01D69/02B01D71/02C02F1/28C02F9/02C02F101/30
Inventor 潘伟邢岩
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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