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Water-retention gel electrolyte, preparation method thereof, and water-based supercapacitor and preparation method and application thereof

A technology of supercapacitors and gel electrolytes, applied in electrolytic capacitors, hybrid/electric double-layer capacitor manufacturing, capacitors, etc., can solve the problems of restricting electrolytes and capacitors, explosions, and capacitor devices not working continuously, and achieve large-scale production. , the effect of excellent low vapor pressure, excellent water retention capacity

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-09-17
LANZHOU INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, the moisture in the traditional aqueous gel electrolyte is easy to volatilize even at room temperature, resulting in the loss of ion channels between the electrodes, resulting in the failure of continuous operation of the capacitor device.
Moreover, the evaporation of water in the aqueous gel electrolyte not only causes electrolyte failure, but also increases the internal pressure of the device, and there is a risk of explosion, which limits the application of this type of electrolyte and capacitors in high temperature environments.

Method used

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  • Water-retention gel electrolyte, preparation method thereof, and water-based supercapacitor and preparation method and application thereof
  • Water-retention gel electrolyte, preparation method thereof, and water-based supercapacitor and preparation method and application thereof
  • Water-retention gel electrolyte, preparation method thereof, and water-based supercapacitor and preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0044] The present invention provides a method for preparing the water-retaining gel electrolyte described in the above scheme, comprising the following steps:

[0045] Under the condition of heating, the aqueous electrolyte solution is mixed with the oxygen-containing functional group polymer, and the water-retaining gel electrolyte is obtained after cooling.

[0046] In the present invention, the heating temperature is 75-100° C., preferably 80-95° C.; in the present invention, the heating is preferably carried out in an oil bath. In the present invention, the mixing is preferably performed by adding the oxygen-containing functional group polymer into the aqueous electrolyte solution. In order to ensure better dissolution of the oxygen-containing functional group polymer, the present invention preferably adopts the method of gradually adding oxygen-containing functional groups, specifically: heating the electrolyte aqueous solution to the required temperature in an oil bath,...

Embodiment 1

[0062] A water-based supercapacitor based on a water-retaining gel electrolyte, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0063] 1) Nickel sheets cut into a size of 1cm×1cm and self-made activated carbon were used as current collectors and electrode materials, respectively;

[0064] 2) Heat a 13mol / kg lithium perchlorate aqueous solution (that is, a water-retaining electrolyte aqueous solution) to 90°C, and then add polyacrylamide within 30 minutes under continuous stirring, and continue stirring for 4 hours to obtain a clear and transparent gel. Polyacrylamide The mass fraction in the gel is 8.36%. After cooling to room temperature, the water-retaining gel electrolyte is obtained, which is referred to as polyacrylamide-lithium perchlorate water-retaining gel electrolyte;

[0065] 3) The polyacrylamide-lithium perchlorate water-retaining gel electrolyte was evenly coated on the surface of the self-made activated carbon, and then assembled into a water-retaining...

Embodiment 2

[0078] A water-based supercapacitor based on a water-retaining gel electrolyte, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0079] 1) Zinc flakes and commercial activated carbon cut into a size of 1cm×1cm were used as current collectors and electrode materials, respectively;

[0080] 2) Heat the 15mol / kg potassium nitrate solution to 95°C, then add polyethylene glycol within 60 minutes under continuous stirring, and continue stirring for 6 hours to obtain a clear and transparent gel. The quality of polyethylene glycol in the gel is The fraction is 10.0%; after cooling to room temperature, a water-retaining gel electrolyte is obtained, which is recorded as polyethylene glycol-potassium nitrate water-retaining gel electrolyte;

[0081] 3) The polyethylene glycol-potassium nitrate water-retaining gel electrolyte is evenly coated on the surface of commercial activated carbon, and then assembled into a water-retaining gel electrolyte based on the structure of current c...

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Abstract

The invention provides a water-retention gel electrolyte , a preparation method thereof, and a water-based supercapacitor and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of gel electrolytes and supercapacitors. The water-retention gel electrolyte provided by the invention is prepared from an electrolyte aqueous solution and an oxygen-containing functional group polymer. The electrolyte in the electrolyte aqueous solution is one or more of lithium perchlorate, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium nitrate, sodium chloride, sodium perchlorate, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide sodium salt, sodium hexafluorophosphate, sodium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium perchlorate, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide potassium salt, potassium hexafluorophosphate and potassium nitrate. The oxygen-containing functional group polymer is one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose and polyacrylamide. The water-based supercapacitor based on the water-retention gel electrolyte has ultra-long cycle life at the normal temperature, and can be normally charged and discharged at the high temperature of 120 DEG C and stably circulated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gel electrolytes and supercapacitors, in particular to a water-retaining gel electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, a water-based supercapacitor, a preparation method and applications thereof. Background technique [0002] Supercapacitor is a typical power electrochemical energy storage device, which can effectively supplement the main power supply in the fields of automobile starting and braking, military satellite, aerospace, smart grid, micro grid and rail transit, etc., in a short time release a large amount of electricity. The main advantages of supercapacitors are fast charge and discharge, excellent rate performance, long cycle life and wide application temperature range. With the continuous attention of scientific researchers and industrial fields, the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors has been greatly improved. Therefore, the application fields and temperature conditions of ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01G11/56H01G11/84H01G11/00
CPCH01G11/00H01G11/56H01G11/84Y02E60/13
Inventor 阎兴斌刘灵洋
Owner LANZHOU INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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