Preparation method of metal-based ceramic composite material for 3D printing of false teeth

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a preparation method of a metal-based ceramic composite material for 3D printing of false teeth. The method comprises thefollowing steps of adding a stabilizer and a dispersant polyethylene glycol into soluble zirconium salt to prepare a salt solution, adding metal matrix powder into the salt solution, and stirring to obtain the metal-based ceramic composite material. Stirring by using a boosting stirrer until the metal matrix is uniformly dispersed, adding a precipitator until the pH value of the solution is 3-10,and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed sol; and filtering, washing and alcohol-washing the mixed sol, putting the mixed sol into a high-pressure kettle, adding an ethanol solution, transferring the mixed sol into a microwave instrument, reacting, centrifugally separating a product, repeatedly washing with water and alcohol, drying in vacuum, and screening to obtain metal-based ceramic powder. The product metal-based ceramic composite material disclosed has excellent gold-ceramic bonding strength, not only meets the printing requirement of the SLM technology, but also enables the prepared false tooth to have good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a method for preparing a metal-based ceramic composite material used for 3D printing dentures. Background technique [0002] At present, 3D printing is mainly used in the production of posts and cores, all-ceramic crowns, removable partial dentures, and complete dentures in the field of oral restoration. The technologies used in the field of oral restoration mainly include: stereolithography (SLA), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Selective Laser Melting (SLM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Microflow Extrusion Ceramic Slurry Technology, Inkjet Printing Technology. [0003] SLM uses a high-energy laser beam to heat and melt the powder, then cools and solidifies the shape, and directly produces a metal crown through selective laser melting technology. It has the characteristics of high density, high material utilization, short cycle, and fully automated production. It can r...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] SLM uses a high-energy laser beam to heat and melt the powder, then cools and solidifies the shape, and directly produces a metal crown through selective laser melting technology. It has the characteristics of high density, high material utilization, short cycle, and fully automated production. It can realize personalized customization and large-scale rapid production. However, due to the high melting point of ceramic materials, the required laser power is high, the energy consumption is large, and large internal stress is easily generated during the molding process, resulting in poor mechanical properties of ceramic parts. Therefore, we are looking for A material with good mechanical properties and suitable for dentures printed by SLM technology has good application prospects and research value

[0004] The commonly used biomedical metal materials in clinical practice are mainly alloy materials, mainly including stainless steel, cobalt-chromium alloy, and titanium alloy. This is also the most researched medical alloy material in SLM technology, and it is also the most used medical denture prepared by SLM technology. Materials; Co-Cr alloys are widely used in laser 3D printing inner crowns because of their excellent biocompatibility and good mechanical properties, but there are few types of porcelain powders that match the thermal expansion coefficient of Co-Cr alloys, so in Co Dentures made of -Cr alloy surface porcelain are prone to cracks or chipping. At the same time, the characteristics of Co-Cr alloys and the poor adhesion of the crown edge compared with titanium alloys and stainless steel limit the application of Co-Cr alloys in dentures. Promotion and application; since alloy materials are directly related to the effect of SLM forming technology, as well as the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of medical dentures, the research on the modification of alloy materials has become a hot spot. Patent No. CN201911003936.9 discloses an aluminum The preparation method of the alloy composite powder comprises the following steps: (1) ball milling and mixing a matrix material and a surface modification material; wherein, the matrix material is a micron-sized metal powder, and the surface modification material is a cermet material; (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is subjected to plasma spheroidization treatment to obtain aluminum alloy composite powder. Because the powder has good fluidity, dispersibility and absorbs laser energy during the SLM forming process, the powder has a wide range of applications in the field of SLM forming Prospect; Patent No. CN201910332175.5 discloses a titanium-based zirconia composite material medical implant and its 3D printing preparation method, which involves the technical field of metal laser selective melting (SLM). 2 Ceramic powder is mixed with preset powder to get nano ZrO 2 Uniform composite powder of powder coating preset powder; preset powder and nano-ZrO 2 Ceramic powders are mixed under energy oscillation for breaking nano ZrO 2 Van der Waals force between ceramic powders; 3D printing after mixing uniform composite powder and titanium alloy powder; patent number CN201710450204.9 discloses a method for preparing cobalt-based ceramic composite powder for dental 3D printing, according to Al 2 o 3 The mass ratio of the medical cobalt-chromium alloy to the medical cobalt-chromium alloy is 0.05-0.2:1, and the medical cobalt-chromium alloy powder is added to the aluminum sol, dispersed evenly to obtain a gel, and then the gel is dried to obtain an AlOOH-coated cobalt-chromium alloy precursor, 400-500 ℃ Calcination of the precursor to obtain Al 2 o 3 The cobalt-based ceramic composite powder raw material coated with cobalt-chromium alloy; after the obtained cobalt-based ceramic composite powder raw material is ball-milled and vacuum-dried, it is screened to obtain a cobalt-based ceramic composite powder with a particle size of 20-55 μm. During the melting process, the interface between the ceramic phase and the metal matrix has high bonding strength and good wettability. The prepared 3D printing molded parts not only have low thermal expansion coefficient, but also have good tensile properties.

However, the effect of the above materials for SLM forming still cannot meet the requirements, and the application range of the method for preparing materials is narrow, only for some special alloy materials, such as aluminum alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, etc., but for nickel alloys, titanium alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, etc. Alloy and other alloy powders have poor formability

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