Multiple quantum dot waveguides

Abstract

The present invention relates to an assembly of multiple waveguides which includes a substrate and a plurality of waveguides positioned on said substrate at locations effective to suppress cross-talk between different waveguides. The plurality of waveguides each comprise an elongate array of quantum dots extending between sets of first and second locations on the substrate. The waveguides are positioned to receive: (1) pumped light uniformly applied to the array to produce electron-hole pairs and to enable optical gain and (2) signal light at the first location to trigger an emission from the quantum dot at the first location and transmission of photons along the array to the second location. A light transmission system which includes this assembly as well as methods of making and using the assembly are also disclosed.

Description

[0001]This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 750,787, filed May 18, 2007, which claims priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60 / 802,177, filed May 19, 2006, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention is directed to multiple quantum dot waveguides, methods of making and using these waveguides, as well as light transmission systems.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Currently, the inability to easily guide light at sub-diffraction limit dimensions prevents the manufacture of ultra-high density photonic circuits. To capture the inherent advantages of large bandwidth, capacity, and high speed modulation, research in the area has been underway for over a decade. While a number of proposed structures like the one-dimensional negative dielectric (Takahara et al., Optics Lett. 22:475 (1997)) and silicon-on-insulator photonic crystal (Bogaerts et al., IEEE J. of Lig...

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Benefits of technology

[0007]The use of quantum dots, a semiconducting nanoparticle, to form waveguides allows for self-assembly by chemical bonding, reduction of propagation loss, and flexibility in design since electrical and optical signals are both appropriate means of excitation. For the first point, conjugating QDs to molecules with selective chemistry and terminal linkers produces specific attachment schemes that enhance its use and versatility. As for the latter two advantages, the gain mechanism hinges on operation by a pump source to create population inversion of excited electrons to generate net emission over absorption, similar to optical amplifying action. Indeed, the process has been proven over the past decade, where QD lasers have been successfully demonstrated with lower threshold current density compared to those made from bulk material with sharp emission peaks due to the three-dimensional quantum confinement nature of the particle (Ledentsov et al.,IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. 6:439 (2000); Ustinov et al., Quantum Dot Lasers; Oxford University Press: Oxford, (2003); and Asada et al., IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 22:1915 (1986)). Consequently, the propagating wave may not only experience less transmission loss but an increase in strength as well. In view of the unique advantages of quantum dots, they are highly suitable for use as new nano-scale photonic waveguide structure.

Problems solved by technology

Currently, the inability to easily guide light at sub-diffraction limit dimensions prevents the manufacture of ultra-high density photonic circuits.

23:401 (2005)) waveguides enable nanoscale signal transmission, challenges with integration and packaging dimensions remain.

Still, negative dielectrics, such as metals, are subject to resistive heating and loss, and require conversion to translate plasmonic to optical energy.

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