The invention relates to a simulation method based on a three-dimensional simplified model of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps of: (1) selecting a commercial lithium ion softpackage battery, and establishing three-dimensional layered electrochemistry-electrochemistry of three sizes of the battery according to relevant parameters; A; a thermal coupling model: a model (OUM) of one cell, a model (TUM) of two cells, and a half-sized model (HSM); (2) respectively comparing the thermal behavior and the electrochemical property of the lithium ion battery under the three simulation methods; A; and (3) discussing whether a simulation method of a full-size model can be replaced by a simulation method of a unit model, and giving a basis. According to the method, t, the three-dimensional model simulation method of the lithium ion battery can be simplified, a simulation method based on a unit model is used for replacing a simulation method of a full-size model, t, the calculation time is saved, t, the model accuracy can be ensured, and a certain guidance basis is provided for simulation researchers.