Method for preparing energy-saving metal-based ceramic inert anode material for nonferrous metal electrowinning

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing an energy-saving metal-based ceramic inert anode material for nonferrous metal electrowinning, and the method is characterized in that: a serrated pattern is compressed on the surface of a polar plate with a lead-based multinary alloy substrate, and a PbO2 and MnO2 conductive ceramics is prepared on the surface of the serrated pattern. The method adopts the physical and the electro-chemical methods for preparing the metal-based ceramic inert anode material which takes lead-based multinary alloy as the substrate. When the metal-based ceramic inert anode material is used in electrowinning, as the surface of an anode is the conductive ceramic material, the surface of the anode is in the insoluble state, thereby being capable of reducing the pollution of lead dissolution of the anode to a cathode product, improving the quality of the cathode product and ensuring the qualified rate of a cathode zinc No. 0 product to achieve 99 percent. The use of the compound electrode can significantly reduce the bath voltage during the electrowinning process and further reduce the power consumption. When in electrowinning of zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese and the like, the bath voltage can be reduced by 0.3-0.5V, and the current efficiency can be improved by 2-3 percent.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a composite material used in the field of metal surface treatment, in particular to a preparation method of an energy-saving metal-based ceramic inert anode material for electrowinning of nonferrous metals. Background technique [0002] In the process of wet extraction of zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese and other metals, lead and lead alloys are still used as anode materials. The disadvantages are: high cell voltage (3.4-3.8V), low current efficiency (75-88%) ), high energy consumption in the electrowinning process (3400-4200 degrees per ton of zinc), short service life of the anode (0.5-1 year), and easy dissolution of anode lead into the cathode product, resulting in a decline in the quality of the cathode product. In order to reduce the power consumption of zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese and other electrowinning and prevent the pollution of cathode products by anode lead, in-depth research and development ha...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] In the process of wet extraction of zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese and other metals, lead and lead alloys are still used as anode materials. The disadvantages are: high cell voltage (3.4-3.8V), low current efficiency (75-88%) ), high energy consumption in the electrowinning process (3400-4200 degrees / ton of zinc), short service life of the anode (0.5-1 year), easy dissolution of anode lead into the cathode product, resulting in a decline in the quality of the cathode product

[0003] 1. Improved lead-silver binary and multiple alloy anodes: mainly including lead-silver (Pb-Ag), lead-arsenic (Pb-As), lead-calcium (Pb-Ca), lead-mercury (Pb-Hg ), lead-chromium (Pb-Cd), lead-titanium (Pb-Ti), lead-calcium-barium (Pb-Ca-Ba), lead-silver-calcium (Pb-Ag-Ca), lead-silver- Strontium (Pb-Ag-Sr), lead-calcium-tin (Pb-Ca-Sn) and lead-silver-calcium-tin (Pb-Ag-Ca-Sn), etc., but still have short service life and high energy consumption and easy to pollute cathode products and other disadvantages

[0004] 2. Titanium-based surface coating / plated dimensionally stable anode: This type of anode is based on titanium Ti, and the surface is coated with precious metals or their oxides, but this anode has the following disadvantages: (1) The titanium substrate is used, and the cost of the electrode is high; (2) Due to the dissolution of the noble metal coating and the passivation of the matrix titanium in the electrolytic production, the life of the electrode is short; (3) In the electrowinning solution, the deposition of impurity ions, such as manganese, in the oxide state on the anode after oxidation is reduced The effect of coating the precious metal layer

However, this anode material has shortcomings in the production process: the production process is too long and the production energy consumption is high

Processes such as galvanizing, lead plating, and rinsing will produce a large amount of waste liquid and cause serious environmental pollution.