Process, system and device for waste biomass multi-production processing

Abstract

The invention relates to a process, a system and a device for waste biomass multi-production processing, in particular to a waste biomass gasification and liquefaction treatment system. The gasification treatment is performed to the waste biomass, the gas is used for producing clean energy and chemical raw materials, the furnace slag is used for producing building materials or fertilizer and the waste heat is used for electric power generation and heat supply so as to realize the environmental-friendly municipal solid waste treatment and the ecological environment protection. The system mainlycomprises a gas-phase circulation gasification furnace, a flue gas circulation air tube, a flue gas circulation fan, a dust-removal / purifying tower and a synthesis reactor and is characterized in that the gas-phase circular reaction is performed to the flue gas in the gasification furnace, the water vapor and the gaseous matter generated during the pyrolysis to obtain hydrogen-rich synthetic gas,and meanwhile, the dioxin (violent in toxicity) is broken up; and the post treatment is performed to the hydrogen-rich synthetic gas to generate city gas, methanol, dimethyl ether or hydrogen. The system has the advantages of full gasification of the solid raw material, no pollutant discharge, extremely low exhaust emission and easy purifying treatment, and the device is flexible in size and is feasible for popularization.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a process and system equipment for treating garbage and biomass, in particular to gasification and liquefaction equipment for garbage and biomass. Background technique [0002] At present, energy is in short supply, environmental protection is grim, and garbage is flooding. With the development of my country's national economy and the continuous expansion of urban scale, garbage is increasing rapidly, and its content of harmful components is getting higher and higher. If it is not handled properly, it will pollute the environment and threaten people's health. This will not only restrict The progress of the society also affects the sustainable development of the national economy. At present, China's treatment of municipal solid waste mainly includes sanitary landfill technology, composting (biochemical) technology and incineration technology. Most areas use sanitary landfill to treat municipal solid waste, which not only takes u...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, China's treatment of municipal solid waste mainly includes sanitary landfill technology, composting (biochemical) technology and incineration technology. Most areas use sanitary landfill to treat municipal solid waste, which not only takes up a lot of land, wastes resources, but also easily pollutes Land and groundwater; the composting method only uses about 40% of organic matter, and the content of heavy metals in composting products must be strictly controlled to prevent polluted soil and crops entering the food chain. There is a problem with the sale of composting products, and supporting incineration process equipment, The supporting flue gas purification system also needs to be matched with sanitary filling, which also has hidden dangers of secondary pollution; using the incineration power generation method to deal with urban domestic waste can achieve reduction and resourceful treatment of domestic waste, but the incineration method The main goal pursued in the treatment of domestic waste is to fully burn the waste in the incinerator, followed by energy recovery. Since the flue gas of domestic waste incineration has a large water content and a high concentration of hydrogen chloride, it is highly corrosive to materials and cannot Setting the heat energy recovery device in the strong radiation area will affect the heat energy recovery. Therefore, waste incineration power generation has the following disadvantages: 1. The main goal is to treat waste, and the energy utilization rate is only about 20%; 2. Flue gas and carbon dioxide emissions The amount is large, and the pollutants in the flue gas include dust, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carcinogenic and highly toxic substances (dioxins, furans), heavy metals (mercury, lead, chromium, etc.), although flue gas purification system, but it is difficult to completely eliminate, especially the excessive discharge of dioxins and furans. At present, there is still a lack of technically reliable terminal purification processes for NOx and dioxins; 3. Waste incineration power plants can only be built in economically developed cities. The amount of waste resources in small and medium-sized cities is not suitable for building waste-to-energy plants, so it cannot be widely used

[0005] In view of the current energy shortage and severe environmental protection situation, the relevant departments of the Chinese government and scientific and technological workers are all committed to the research and development of renewable new energy. The development and application of biomass energy and the resource application of urban waste have become research and development hot spots, and there Many achievements have come out, but they are all single treatment processes, which have the disadvantages of insufficient utilization of resources, high treatment costs, low quality of target products, and the treatment of waste gas, waste water and waste residue.

Images