Land-based sea water circulation culture method based on ecosystem level

Abstract

The invention provides a high-efficiency, energy-saving and emission-reduction land-based sea water circulation culture method based on an ecosystem level. According to the method, an integral sea water circulating system isolated from the ocean is established on the land and is divided into a high-order culture region, a filter-feeding culture region, a salt-tolerant plant wetland and an ecological purification region; sea water is injected into the integral sea water circulating system, then sequentially flows through the high-order culture region, the filter-feeding culture region, the salt-tolerant plant wetland and the ecological purification region and finally returns to the high-order culture region; the high-order culture region is used for carrying out culture production operation on energy-input-type ocean economical organisms; the filter-feeding culture region is used for carrying out microalgae culture operation and carrying out culture production operation on ocean economical organisms capable of filter-feeding the microalgae; the salt-tolerant plant wetland is used for carrying out planting operation on salt-tolerant plants capable of absorbing nutritive salts; and the ecological purification region is used for carrying out water quality ecological purification operation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a seawater aquaculture method, specifically, the aquaculture method is a seawater recirculation aquaculture method based on ecological niche complementation and coupled with functional areas of different trophic levels on land. Background technique [0002] In recent years, my country's mariculture industry has developed rapidly, and its aquaculture output has ranked first in the world for many years in a row. However, the factors restricting mariculture and the problems of traditional aquaculture models have become increasingly prominent: [0003] (1) Marine environmental pollution has seriously restricted the water used for marine aquaculture, increased the risk of aquaculture, and reduced the quality of aquatic products: According to the data in the "2009 East China Sea Marine Environment Bulletin" issued by the State Oceanic Administration, the situation of marine environmental pollution in the East China Sea is still sever...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] (2) The deterioration of the breeding environment, coupled with the degradation of the germplasm of the breeding objects, etc., the annual loss of mariculture due to disease problems exceeds 10 billion yuan: Taking prawns as an example, only 11 species of viral disease sources have been found so far, including white spot Whits pot disease virus (WSDV), white spot baculovirus (WSBV), systemic ectodermal and mesodermal baculovirus (SEMBV), white spot syndrome virus (whit spot syndrome virus, WSSV), Penaeid rod-shaped DNA virus (PRDV), Japanese shrimp nuclear baculovirus (Rod-shaped nuclear virus of penaeus japonicus, RV-PJ), subcutaneous and hematopoietic tissue necrosis Baculoviral hypodermal & hematopoietic necrosis (HHNBV) and Taura syndrome virus (TSV), among which the incidence and mortality of shrimp white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and Taura virus (TSV) are as high as 80-100%. And a variety of marine zooplankton have been confirmed as carriers and disseminators of WSSV, and the traditional high-throughput water exchange culture has a greater risk of introducing disease sources;

[0005] (3) The safety of aquatic products has attracted much attention, and it is difficult to implement the safety control system of aquatic products: drug abuse caused by environmental pollution and frequent diseases has drawn much attention to the safety of aquatic products, and reports of drug residue detection in aquatic products exceeding the standard have occurred frequently. From turbot fish (turbosaurus) with serious drug residues to malachite green residues detected in mandarin fish exported to Hong Kong, from eels exported to Japan with pesticides exceeding the standard to prawns exported to the EU with chloramphenicol exceeding the standard. , so that the public's confidence in the quality of domestic farmed aquatic products has decreased, and the aquaculture industry has suffered heavy losses

The Hazard Analysis And Critical Control Point (HACCP) system is an internationally recognized optimal management system in terms of food safety and flavor quality control, which can control the hazards and critical points in the food production process (Wang D, 2010), but the current traditional farming model is not conducive to the implementation of the HACCP system;

[0006] (4) The pollution and waste of the traditional breeding mode itself is serious: research shows that only 9.1% and 17.4% of the nitrogen and phosphorus in the compound feed fed to cage culture are assimilated, and the bait utilization rate of shrimp farming generally does not exceed 30%

Brown et al. established a vegetation-soil-water treatment system, using several salt-tolerant plants as biofilters to remove nutrients in mariculture wastewater. The removal rates of the system for total nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen were 98% and 94%, respectively. The removal rate of total phosphorus and positive phosphorus is 99% and 97%, and it can also avoid the disadvantages of using algae to treat the aquaculture wastewater ecologically, but the plants in the constructed wetland are still subject to seasonal restrictions, and the economic value is limited