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Diazo(N-dinitryl ethyl) furazan energy-containing ionic salts and preparation method thereof

A technology of dinitroethyl and dinitroethanol, which is applied in the field of heavy furazan energetic ion salts and its preparation, can solve the problems of unsatisfactory thermal stability and high sensitivity, achieve high yield, mild conditions, Ease of industrialization

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-05-29
BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Furazan explosives usually have high density and excellent detonation performance, such as 1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazahydronaphthalene-2,3-fur We (density 1.89g cm -3 , detonation velocity 7582m·s -1 ), 1,4,6-trinitro-1,4,6-triazepane-2,3-furazan (density 1.86g·cm -3 , detonation velocity 8697m·s -1 ), etc. Although the energy is high, its high sensitivity has become one of the important reasons that limit its practical application
Nitroform explosives also have high energy, among which heavy (2,2,2-trinitroethyl-N nitro)ethylenediamine with a representative aliphatic chain structure, commonly known as 2 # Explosives (density 1.87g cm -3 , the detonation velocity is 8970m·s -1 ) and heavy (2,2,2-trinitroethyl) nitramine, commonly known as 6 # No. explosive, (density 1.97g·cm -3 , the detonation velocity is 8657m·s -1 ) The advantage of this type of explosive is that the synthesis method is simple, the energy and the detonation velocity are high, but because the molecular structure of this type of compound contains nitramine and nitroform groups, its sensitivity is high and its thermal stability is not ideal

Method used

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  • Diazo(N-dinitryl ethyl) furazan energy-containing ionic salts and preparation method thereof
  • Diazo(N-dinitryl ethyl) furazan energy-containing ionic salts and preparation method thereof
  • Diazo(N-dinitryl ethyl) furazan energy-containing ionic salts and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Embodiment 1

[0026] The preparation of embodiment 1 heavy (N-dinitroethyl) furazan potassium salt (1)

[0027] Weigh 1.74g (10mmol) of potassium dinitroethoxide, stir at room temperature for about 5min, and most of it is still undissolved, weigh 510mg (5.1mmol) of diaminofurazan and add it to the reaction solution, heat up to 40°C to react, about Half an hour later, almost all the solids were dissolved, and the solution turned into a yellow clear solution. The reaction was continued for 24 hours, filtered, and the solid product was washed with methanol. 1.96 g of solid was obtained with a yield of 95%.

[0028] Its structural formula is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] Decomposition temperature: 166°C (DSC). 1 H NMR (400MHz, d 6 -DMSO): δ=4.577(d, 2H), δ=6.191(t, 1H) ppm; 13 C NMR (100MHz, d 6 -DMSO): δ=152.13, 134.94, 45.14ppm; IR (KBr pellet): 3324, 3189, 1591, 1458, 1338, 1289, 1191, 1113, 751, 666cm -1 ;elemental analysis(%) calcd for C 6 h 6 K 2 N 8 o 9 (411.95): C 17.48, H...

Embodiment 2

[0031] The preparation of embodiment 2 heavy (N-dinitroethyl) furazanguanidine salts (2)

[0032] Add 412 mg (1.0 mmol) heavy (N-dinitroethyl) furazan potassium salt and 5 mL H to a 25 mL single-necked flask 2 O was dissolved into a light yellow clear liquid, and then, with stirring at room temperature, was added 2 mL of H 2 Guanidine hydrochloride 190 mg (2.0 mmol) in O, reacted with stirring at room temperature, precipitated a light yellow solid precipitate, the reaction mixture continued to stir at room temperature for 1 h, filtered the light yellow precipitate and washed twice with ice water and methanol, and the solid was placed in a desiccator at room temperature After drying for 2 h, 438 mg of the product was obtained with a yield of 96%.

[0033] The reaction conditions not mentioned in the following examples are the same as in Example 2.

[0034] Its structural formula is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Decomposition temperature: 172°C (DSC). Density is 1.719g cm...

Embodiment 3

[0037] Embodiment 3 Heavy (N-dinitroethyl) Furazan 3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazole salt preparation (3)

[0038] Add 412 mg (1.0 mmol) heavy (N-dinitroethyl) furazan potassium salt and 5 mL H to a 25 mL single-necked flask 2 O dissolves into light yellow clear liquid, add about 10ml CH 2 Cl 2 As a solvent, adjust the mixed solution to acidity with dilute hydrochloric acid to free neutral molecules from heavy (N-dinitroethyl)furazan potassium salt, separate the mixed solution, and wash the organic phase twice with water. Weigh 228 mg (2.0 mmol) of 3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazole and dissolve it in methanol, and add the methanol solution dropwise to the above separated CH 2 Cl 2 phase, after stirring at room temperature for about 5 min, a light yellow solid precipitated immediately, continued stirring for 1 h, filtered the light yellow precipitate and washed twice with ice water and methanol, and dried the solid in a desiccator at room temperature for 2 h to obtain 500 mg of the ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to diazo(N-dinitryl ethyl) furazan energy-containing ionic salts and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of energy-containing materials. The synthetic method comprises the following steps of: performing acid-base neutralization reaction of diazo(N-dinitryl ethyl) furazan and 2 times of organic base in mole to obtain corresponding energy-containing ionic salts or performing reaction of diazo(N-dinitryl ethyl) furazan sylvite with 2 times of hydrochloride in mole of corresponding cations; and filtering the precipitate to obtain the target product. The synthetic method provided by the invention is simple and easy to industrialize. 6 energy-containing ionic salts are better in thermal stability, the calculated detonation performance of the energy-containing ionic salts is far superior to that of TNT (Trinitrotoluene), and the detonation performance of part of compounds is approximate to that of RDX (Cyclotrimethylene Trinitramine). The diazo(N-dinitryl ethyl) furazan energy-containing ionic salts can be used as substituents of a nitroform explosive and a furazan explosive for improving oxygen balance in a mixed explosive and used as an oxygen supply component in a propellant.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a heavy (N-dinitroethyl) furoxan energetic ion salt and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of energetic materials. Background technique [0002] Energetic materials as weapon energy carriers must meet the requirements of high energy density, low vulnerability and environmental adaptability (Journal of Explosives and Explosives, 2005, 28(4): 9-13). However, these properties are always contradictory to some extent: materials with good stability and low sensitivity usually have low energy, and when the energy is high, the chemical and physical stability will deteriorate. At present, the development of energetic materials has changed from purely pursuing high-energy materials to a new stage of searching for new types of high-energy and low-sensitivity explosives. There is an urgent need for energetic materials with excellent comprehensive properties such as high energy, insensitivity, stability, and non-...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C07D271/04C06B25/34C06D5/00
Inventor 周智明曹丹宋靳红黄海丰梁丽轩卞成明
Owner BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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