Three-dimensional graphene production method and apparatus, composite electrode material and preparation and application of composite electrode material

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional graphene production method and apparatus, a composite electrode material and preparation and application of the composite electrode material. The method according to the invention removes non-graphene components from a material containing graphene structure through selective physicochemical reaction so as to produce three-dimensional graphene, and high-quantity, high-efficiency, energy-saving, continuous and low-cost large-scale industrial production of three-dimensional graphene is achieved. The invention also provides an apparatus used by the three-dimensional graphene production method. The invention also provides the composite electrode material, a preparation method of the composite electrode material and application of the composite electrode material as electrochemical energy-storing devices, such as ion cells, ion capacitors and electrochemical capacitive electrodes.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a production method of three-dimensional graphene, a device used, a composite electrode material and its preparation method and its application as an electrode of an electrochemical energy storage device, and belongs to the technical field of graphene production and application. Background technique [0002] Graphene is a two-dimensional network plane composed of carbon atoms, which has specific optical properties, ultra-high electron mobility, high thermal conductivity and good chemical stability. Graphene can also be regarded as a large sheet molecule, which can adsorb small molecular substances on both sides. In addition, it also has high mechanical properties and light transmittance. These characteristics make graphene promising in superconducting, electrochemical storage Significant advances have been made in energy and polymer reinforcement. Graphene's open surface and regular lamellar structure are conducive to accelera...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, composite materials used as electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, especially composite materials using nano-silicon as raw materials, are usually prepared by mixing pre-prepared nano-silicon powder with a matrix, but there are the following disadvantages: First, the preparation cost of nano-silicon Second, the composite process is complicated, uneven, and impurities are introduced, especially in the case of operation in a solvent and subsequent high-temperature treatment. In addition, nano-silicon is easily oxidized and loses its lithium storage performance; third, with The existing technology is difficult to match, and there are still shortcomings such as low specific capacity and unstable cycle performance, which have affected the development of composite materials and lithium-ion battery electrode materials, and need to be further improved. This is the same for lithium-ion capacitors

In addition, studies have shown that other ions such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, and aluminum are more severely affected in batteries and ion capacitors

[0013] On the other hand, the charging of ion batteries is generally too slow to meet the growing application requirements. Sometimes users use high-current fast charging for emergency, which has an irreversible negative impact on battery materials and permanently reduces battery capacity and service life.

[0014] In theory, power density can be increased by using electrode materials with high surface area and suitable pore size distribution, but these materials usually have low energy density, which affects the overall performance of the electrode

At present, the most ideal material is three-dimensional graphene. However, graphene prepared by traditional methods is mostly two-dimensional flat sheets superimposed, and it is difficult to form a three-dimensional structure. Both are too complicated, the cost is too high, and the introduction of external support templates has a great negative impact on performance

In addition, all prior art processes cannot be mass-produced, with high energy consumption, incomplete recovery, low effective utilization rate, and high production costs.

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