Method for preparing carbon nanofiber aerogel from wood

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing carbon nanofiber aerogel from wood. The method comprises the following steps: a) pre-treating the wood to obtain wood pulp; b) mixing the wood pulp with tetramethylpiperidine oxide, sodium bromide and sodium hypochlorite for an oxidation reaction to obtain a cellulose suspension; c) performing suction filtration on the cellulose suspension, dispersing the cellulose suspension in water to obtain a homogeneous viscous nanometer cellulose solution; d) acidizing the nanometer cellulose solution in an acidic environment to obtain nanometer cellulose hydrogel; e) performing solvent exchanging on the nanometer cellulose hydrogel in acetone containing p-toluenesulfonic acid, performing drying with a CO2 supercritical drying method to obtain nanocellulose aerogel; f)performing high temperature pyrolysis on the nanocellulose aerogel in a tubular furnace inert gas atmosphere to obtain the carbon nanofiber aerogel. According to the method, the carbon nanofiber aerogel is prepared from the wood as a raw material and has characteristics of uniform diameter, low density and large specific surface area as well as properties of heat insulation, fire resistance and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nanometer materials, in particular to a method for preparing carbon nanofiber airgel from wood. Background technique [0002] Carbon nanofiber airgel, which is composed of a three-dimensional network structure, has excellent physical properties such as low density, large specific surface area, high electrical conductivity and porosity, and is a new material that has attracted extensive attention. Carbon aerogels can be used as catalyst supports, artificial muscles, electrodes for supercapacitors, absorbents, and gas detectors. In particular, ultralight or elastic carbon aerogels have many promising applications. For example, ultra-light nitrogen-doped graphene structures are used as absorbers and supercapacitor electrodes, exhibiting a large absorption capacity and special capacitance; elastic conductors based on elastic graphene foams can withstand stretching and bending The electrical conductivity and...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The prior art discloses a variety of methods for preparing carbon aerogels, such as German "Advanced Materials" (Advanced Materials, 22, 2010, page 617) discloses a dichlorobenzene solution using ferrocene as a precursor, The method of preparing carbon nanotube sponge airgel by chemical vapor deposition method, the carbon nanotube sponge airgel prepared by this method has good mechanical properties, but chemical vapor deposition requires complex and expensive devices, which cannot be used on a large scale production, hampering the prospect of industrial application of the law

German "Applied Chemistry" (AngewandteChemie International Edition, 2012, Issue 51, page 5101) reported that by using glucose as a precursor, a hydrothermal carbonization process was used to prepare carbon fiber aerogels on a large scale, but the process used toxic and expensive Tellurium nanowires used as templates, this preparation process is not suitable for commercialization

German "Applied Chemistry" (AngewandteChemie International Edition, 2013, 52, page 2925) reported a method of using bacterial cellulose to prepare ultra-light, elastic and refractory carbon nanofiber airgel, although bacterial cellulose is a typical Biomass materials, but the industrialized fermentation preparation process still requires high costs

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