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Metal monoatom-doped carbon nanomaterial catalytic carrier, and preparation method and application thereof

A nano-carbon material and catalytic carrier technology, applied in the field of electrochemical energy, can solve the problems of poor high-rate charge and discharge performance, damage to electrode structure, and inability to achieve practicality, and achieve improved electrochemical performance, rich porous structure, and rapid charge and discharge. Effect

Active Publication Date: 2019-01-22
SUZHOU INST OF NANO TECH & NANO BIONICS CHINESE ACEDEMY OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, so far, the high-rate charge-discharge performance of lithium sulfide cathode batteries is still poor, and the battery activation voltage is usually high (>3.5V) and the activation current (0.02C or 0.05C, 1C=1166mA / g) is very low
The high activation voltage greatly reduces the stability and safety of the organic ether electrolyte, and the low activation current rate is far from being practical. It is particularly prominent to change the activation process of lithium sulfide and reduce the activation energy barrier of the lithium sulfide positive electrode.
[0003] The existing technology cannot achieve high activation rate and low cut-off voltage while ensuring high activation efficiency
During charge and discharge, the dissolution and shuttle of polysulfide ions occur simultaneously, and the electrode structure is destroyed due to repeated expansion and contraction of the electrode volume. High activation voltage will cause the instability of the electrolyte to decompose, and it is difficult to achieve a large rate cycle. thereby deteriorating the cycle life of the battery

Method used

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  • Metal monoatom-doped carbon nanomaterial catalytic carrier, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Metal monoatom-doped carbon nanomaterial catalytic carrier, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Metal monoatom-doped carbon nanomaterial catalytic carrier, and preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0042] The embodiment of the present invention also provides the preparation method of the metal single atom doped nano-carbon material catalytic carrier, including:

[0043] Mixing the nitrogen-containing carbon precursor and the metal catalyst precursor and dispersing them in a solvent to form a uniform mixed solution to form a carbon material precursor loaded with metal ions,

[0044] Annealing is performed on the precursor to obtain the metal single atom doped nano-carbon material catalytic carrier.

[0045] Further, the method includes:

[0046] Coating carbon materials with nitrogen-containing organics to form a nitrogen-containing carbon precursor with a core-shell structure,

[0047] mixing the nitrogen-containing carbon precursor and the metal catalyst precursor and uniformly dispersing in a solvent to form a mixed solution, and then removing the solvent in the mixed solution to obtain a solid mixture,

[0048] Under a protective atmosphere, heat-treat the solid mix...

Embodiment 1

[0071] Example 1: Graphene oxide powder and carbon nanotube powder are respectively prepared in a tube furnace for pyrolysis ammonia to obtain nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNT), which are mixed together and ultrasonically dispersed , Slowly add the aniline solution dropwise, and adjust the pH value to between 1 and 2 with hydrochloric acid. Under ice-water bath conditions, an appropriate amount of ammonium persulfate was slowly added dropwise and stirred for 24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, washed, and vacuum-dried to obtain a PANI-coated NG-NCNT material (NG-NCNT@PANI). Then the composite material and metal cobalt precursor (such as soluble cobalt salt, etc.) are dispersed in ethanol, and then the ethanol is volatilized, and the obtained solid powder is placed in a program-controlled tube furnace for heat treatment. The heating rate was raised to 700°C and kept for 120 min at a heating rate of 1 / min, a...

Embodiment 2

[0072] Embodiment 2: NG~NCNT@PANI, commercial lithium sulfide (Li 2 S) Add it into a certain amount of absolute ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:3 and mix evenly. After 12 hours of magnetic stirring, the ethanol is rapidly volatilized at a temperature of 90° C., and the obtained solid powder is transferred to a corundum crucible. In an atmosphere of argon, the composite material was placed in a program-controlled tube furnace for heat treatment, and the temperature was raised to 700 °C at a heating rate of 3 °C / min and kept for 120 min, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a composite material (Li 2 S@NC). From figure 2 It can be seen that the flaky lithium sulfide is uniformly distributed in the carbon material skeleton.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a metal monoatom-doped carbon nanomaterial catalytic carrier, and a preparation method and application thereof. The metal monoatom-doped carbon nanomaterial catalytic carrier comprises a nitrogen-containing carbonaceous core-shell structure formed by coating a carbonaceous core with a nitrogen-containing carbon shell and metal monoatoms distributed in the nitrogen-containing carbonaceous core-shell structure. The metal monoatom-doped carbon nanomaterial catalytic carrier provided by the invention has rich porous structures, a high specific surface area, strong polysulfide ion adsorption capacity and an electrochemical catalysis function. When the metal monoatom-doped carbon nanomaterial catalytic carrier is applied as a lithium sulfide positive-electrode carrier, asecondary battery is allowed to achieve rapid activation (0.1 C) at a low cut-off voltage (3 V); an electrode structure can ensure the structural stability of the nanomaterial during electrochemical cycles, and high and prominent electrochemical cycle stability is obtained; the utilization rate of the active material of the battery is significantly improved; the overall electrochemical performanceof the battery is greatly improved; and the battery can be quickly charged and discharged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a nanometer material, in particular to a metal single atom doped nanometer carbon material catalytic carrier and its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of electrochemical energy. Background technique [0002] In recent years, new high energy density, long cycle life, green and low-cost secondary batteries have attracted more and more attention. Lithium-sulfur batteries have high theoretical specific capacity and energy density, which has attracted great attention from the scientific research community, academia and industrial companies, and has gradually become the research focus of a new generation of high-energy-density batteries. Lithium sulfide (Li 2 S) As the most lithium-rich state of the sulfur cathode, the lithium sulfide cathode has a high specific capacity (1166mAh / g), and lithium sulfide can be matched with graphite, silicon, and tin to form a lithium-ion battery. However, lithium ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01J32/00B01J21/18B01J27/04B01J27/24B01J35/10H01M4/36H01M4/58H01M10/052B82Y30/00
CPCH01M4/366H01M4/5815H01M10/052B82Y30/00B01J21/18B01J27/04B01J27/24H01M2004/028H01M2004/021B01J35/617B01J35/647B01J35/651Y02E60/10
Inventor 张跃钢王健蔺洪振
Owner SUZHOU INST OF NANO TECH & NANO BIONICS CHINESE ACEDEMY OF SCI
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