Snake venom prothrombin activator and snake venom prothrombin activator-based fast hemostatic material

Abstract

The invention discloses a snake venom prothrombin activator and a snake venom prothrombin activator-based fast hemostatic material. The snake venom prothrombin activator with coagulating activity is extracted by adopting a column chromatography; accurate separation is achieved through changing chromatographic conditions and adjusting technical parameters; and an operation can be carried out at room temperature, so that the requirements for experimental conditions are simple and production is easy to amplify. A selected chromatography column can be repeatedly used, so that the snake venom prothrombin activator has the advantages of low cost, high yield and high product purity. The snake venom prothrombin activator-based fast hemostatic material disclosed by the invention can maintain maximum activity and stability of the snake venom prothrombin activator, is safe and free of toxic and side effects, can rapidly stop bleeding, can prevent secondary bleeding and infection, can be applied to accident emergency, surgical hemostasis and hemostasis of wartime traumas, is especially suitable for arterial haemorrhage, can rapidly stop bleeding and does not generate a secondary trauma.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hemostatic materials, in particular to a snake venom prothrombin activator and a rapid hemostatic material based on the snake venom prothrombin activator. Background technique [0002] There are currently three types of hemostatic materials: the first type is to absorb the water in the blood near the wound through the physical or chemical action of the material, so that the coagulation components of the blood at the wound are concentrated and aggregated, thereby accelerating coagulation; The electrostatic interaction between red blood cells or platelets can improve the adhesion and aggregation ability of red blood cells or platelets, increase the viscosity of blood clots and promote blood coagulation, such as zeolite, kaolin, starch, gelatin and alginate, etc.; Strong adhesive force directly seals the wound surface, thereby realizing hemostasis. This type of hemostatic material is mainly synthetic polyme...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Zeolites hydrate and release heat during hemostasis, which is easy to cause damage to soft tissues such as skin; kaolin cannot be completely removed from the wound after application, which may cause foreign body granuloma or abscess formation; starch has limited hemostatic effect on uncontrolled bleeding; gelatin Chitosan needs the body's coagulation factors to participate in order to stop bleeding, and it is easy to increase wound infection, especially the polluted wound, and has poor adhesion and easy to fall off. It needs to be fixed with silk thread for visceral hemostasis; the hemostatic mechanism of chitosan hemostatic material is chitosan The surface is positively charged, which makes it easy for negatively charged red blood cells to gather on its surface, and can also activate the complement system in the blood, and also has an aggregation effect on platelets, but for extensive bleeding wounds, chitosan has limited hemostatic effect

[0004] The second type of hemostatic material can cause vascular embolism and release toxic substances such as cyanide and formaldehyde during the degradation process, which can induce inflammation and tissue necrosis around the injection site

However, due to its adhesive and procoagulant effects, it is strictly prohibited to be used in blood vessels to prevent the formation of thrombus to block blood vessels

Fibrin glue has poor adhesion and tends to fall off from the wound

At present, the commonly used fibrin glue is composed of freeze-dried powder and solvent. It must be dissolved before use. It is not suitable for emergencies, and it is not convenient for storage and transportation. Moreover, the cost of fibrin glue is relatively high, which limits its use for various reasons.

[0006] To sum up, all the above hemostatic materials have certain defects. First, the direct hemostatic effect on visceral hemorrhage, especially arterial hemorrhage is limited, and there is no effective hemostatic material. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new prothrombin activator and apply it to hemostasis To achieve effective hemostasis in the material is an urgent problem to be solved at present.

[0007] In addition, snake venom contains a variety of proteases and active polypeptides that promote blood coagulation and thus exert a hemostatic effect. For example, the hemostatic drug widely used in clinical practice, Lizhihe, is a high-purity snake venom coagulation toxin isolated and purified from the venom of Agkistrodon Agkistrodon. Preparations, the coagulation substances contained in snake venom have high activity, but the current purification method has high requirements for equipment and high purification cost, which limits the development of new snake venom prothrombin activators. At present, no snake venom prothrombin activators have been developed. Hemostatic reagents are on the market. Therefore, hemostatic products with good hemostatic performance and good safety have broad application prospects

[0008] In summary, in order to overcome the defects existing in the existing snake venom hemostatic substances and commonly used hemostatic materials, such as the complicated preparation process of snake venom hemostatic substances, the high cost of preparation, and the limited direct hemostatic effect of hemostatic materials on visceral hemorrhage, especially arterial bleeding

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