Small-particle seed high-rate pelleting coating material and coating method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a small-particle seed high-rate pelleting coating material and a coating method thereof. The coating material comprises a filling agent, an adhesive, an auxiliary agent, a coloring agent and a functional auxiliary agent; the filling agent is a mixture obtained by taking 100 parts by weight of 200-325-mesh vermiculite powder as a base material, adding 2-10 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 0-15 parts by weight of bentonite and 0-20 parts by weight of diatomite and mixing by using a high-speed mixer; the adhesive is a mixture obtained by mixing and stirring 1-3 parts by weight of a high-viscosity hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution with the concentration of 3 wt%, 1-3 parts by weight of a sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution with the concentration of 7 wt%, 3-5 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with the concentration of 8 wt% and 10-15 parts by weight of water at the temperature of 20-40 DEG C until emulsification; the auxiliary agent comprises 200-mesh talcum powder and a film-forming agent in a mass ratio of 1: 1; and the functional auxiliary agent comprises one or a combination of a microbial fertilizer, a trace element fertilizer and a water-retaining agent. The problems that large-rate pelleting of small-particle seeds is difficult or the pelleting effect is poor, and the seed bud rate is affected are solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural seedling cultivation, and more specifically relates to a high-magnification pelletized coating material for small particle seeds and a coating method thereof. Background technique [0002] Seed pellet coating is a seed treatment technology commonly used in developed countries. It is a technology with seeds as the core, inert materials as the main auxiliary materials, and adhesives as auxiliary materials. The beneficial ingredients are realized through the coating machine / dryer, which is a high-tech seed treatment that integrates multidisciplinary achievements. It transforms the shape of crop seeds from irregular and tiny to uniform-sized and regular-shaped spheres, enabling those crops that are not suitable for mechanical sowing to achieve precision sowing, plant protection before sowing, and both disease and pest control, and provide micro-fertilizers in the early stage of crop growth Supply promotes...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are still some problems that need to be further solved on small-grained seeds. For example, during the pelletization process of large-scale pelletized seeds, insufficient drying or excessive drying is often caused, and the moisture content after pelletization is uneven, which seriously shortens the seed life Shelf life, and even affect the germination rate of seeds

[0006] 2. The pelletization degree of small-particle seeds is low: small-particle seeds are seeds with extremely small particle size and low thousand-grain weight. Bermudagrass and others belong to small particle seeds. For example, the thousand-grain weight of shelled bermudagrass is only about 0.28 grams, the thousand-grain weight of celery seeds is 0.4-0.6 grams, the thousand-grain weight of lettuce seeds is 0.5-1.2 grams, and the tobacco seeds are as low as about 0.07 grams. These small particles Regardless of whether the seeds are sown manually or mechanically, they cannot achieve single seed precision single sowing, and cause serious seed waste, overseeding and other problems. After emergence, seedlings need to be thinned, which increases labor costs.

However, the use of these binders and powders makes the pilling time longer, usually 1 to 2 hours, and the pill coat is prone to cracks under natural conditions; the pelleted seeds have high thickness, insufficient or uneven drying, and the pellets After being stored for a period of time, the overall moisture content is high, and the seed activity decreases rapidly; the hardness of the pelleted seeds is poor, especially the coating time is short; the cracking time is long when encountering water or high humidity after sowing, This is detrimental to germination and emergence, especially for the germination of small particle crop seeds.

[0009] 5. The contradiction between the requirement of high multiple pellets for small particle seeds and the follow-up quality assurance of pelletized seeds: small particle seeds must be 20-30 times or even higher in order to achieve precision sowing, and the pelletization process requires The bonding effect can only be achieved after the adhesive is dissolved in water. The shell formed during the pelletization process has a high water content (usually the moisture content of the undried pelletized shell material is 30-40%), and the recommended seed storage requirements The moisture content of the dried pelleted seeds must be dried to less than 5%, and the drying temperature of the pelleted seeds should not be higher than 50 degrees, and within this temperature range, the pelleted shells with a ratio of 20-30 times or even higher should have uniform moisture content. It is very difficult to reduce to less than 5%, or the drying process is too long to affect the pelleting efficiency and greatly increase the cost of seed pelleting

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