This invention pertains to the field of *
Snakehead sinensis*, specifically relating to its characteristic polypeptides and their applications. Specifically, it covers the characteristic polypeptides of *
Snakehead sinensis*, a
mass spectrometry-based method for authenticity identification, and the application of these characteristic polypeptides in the preparation of drugs for treating
rheumatoid arthritis. This invention provides a characteristic polypeptide, QDVDNASLVR, which is found only in *
Snakehead sinensis* and can be stably detected. Its
amino acid sequence is not reported in the literature, making it a novel polypeptide. An LC-MRM-MS method for authenticity identification based on this characteristic polypeptide is established, achieving accurate differentiation from *Snakehead rubrum* and *
Agkistrodon halys*, with a 100% authenticity
identification rate. This invention also provides a characteristic polypeptide, SFLGVPFAK, with anti-
rheumatoid arthritis activity. Its
amino acid sequence is not reported in the literature, making it a novel polypeptide. Its target and pathway can be predicted, or it can be applied to the modification of anti-
rheumatoid arthritis active polypeptides.