27 results about "Cuttlebone" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for detecting amino acid components of cuttlebone medicinal materials, decoction pieces, standard decoction or formula granules and application, and relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine identification. The detection method comprises the following steps: hydrolyzing and extracting cuttlebone medicinal materials or decoction pieces thereof, standard decoction and formula granules to obtain a test solution; dissolving the reference substance with a first hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 0.05 mol / L-1 mol / L to obtain a reference substance solution; and / or performing hydrolysis extraction on a cuttlebone reference medicinal material to obtain a reference medicinal material solution; determining by adopting a liquid chromatograph; a chromatographic column of the liquid chromatograph takes octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as a stationary phase, a mixed solution of acetonitrile and a sodium acetate solution with the concentration of 0.05 mol / L-1 mol / L as a mobile phase A and a mixed solution of acetonitrile and water as a mobile phase B for gradient elution; in the mobile phase A, the volume ratio of the acetonitrile to the sodium acetate solution is 6: 94-8: 92; and in the mobile phase B, the volume ratio of acetonitrile to water is (3: 1)-(5: 1). The detection method disclosed by the invention can be used for determining various amino acid components in the cuttlebone, effectively identifying common similar and counterfeit products, and providing a scientific basis for formulating the quality standard of the cuttlebone.

The invention provides broad-spectrum anti-acid stomach-protecting anti-alcohol-injury traditional Chinese medicine powder and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine compositions. The traditional Chinese medicine powder is prepared from, by weight, 20-40 parts of cuttlebone, 10-20 parts of thunberg fritillary bulb, 5-10 parts of dried alum, 10-20 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 5-10 parts of coptis chinensis, 10-20 parts of amomum cardamomum, 3-8 parts of cinnamon, 15-25 parts of Chinese yam, 15-25 parts of radix paeoniae alba, 1-5 parts of dandelion and 5-10 parts of liquorice. According to the traditional Chinese medicine powder, 11 traditional Chinese medicinal materials such as the cuttlebone, the thunberg fritillary bulb and the dried alum are selected and scientifically matched, and the effects of the medicinal materials are complementary and synergistic. Cuttlebone and dried alum neutralize gastric acid and astringe to stop bleeding; pseudo-ginseng and coptis chinensis resist inflammation and repair gastric mucosa; cortex cinnamomi and round cardamom warm middle energizer and promote qi circulation; the liquorice harmonizes the medicines. Through the synergistic effect of multiple components, the traditional Chinese medicine composition not only can quickly relieve the symptoms such as acid regurgitation and belching and distention and fullness, but also can repair damaged gastric mucosa from the source and enhance the self-protection ability of the stomach, and has a more remarkable and comprehensive treatment effect compared with a single medicinal material or a conventional prescription.

This application discloses a compound nutritionally fortified salty peptide and a peptide salt using the compound nutritionally fortified salty peptide. The raw material composition of the compound nutritionally fortified salty peptide is: cuttlebone extract, prickly pear extract, and compound flavor-enhancing peptide. The cuttlebone extract, compound flavor-enhancing peptide, and sodium chloride in the peptide salt work synergistically to effectively increase the salinity of the peptide salt, achieving the purpose of reducing salt intake and preventing excessive sodium intake. The peptide salt prepared using the compound nutritionally fortified salty peptide has a simple, scientific, and well-defined formula. With the addition of compound flavor-enhancing peptide, cuttlebone extract, and prickly pear extract, and using a specific preparation method, the peptide salt has higher salinity and lower sodium content. + It has higher content, more comprehensive nutrition, and higher nutrient absorption.

The invention discloses a detection method for nucleoside components of cuttlebone medicinal materials, decoction pieces, standard decoction or formula granules and application of the detection method, and relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine identification. The detection method for nucleoside components in cuttlebone medicinal materials, decoction pieces, standard decoction or formula granules comprises the following steps: extracting cuttlebone medicinal materials, decoction pieces, standard decoction or formula granules by adopting an extraction solvent to obtain a test solution; dissolving or extracting a reference substance and / or a cuttlebone reference medicinal material by adopting an extraction solvent to obtain a reference substance solution and / or a reference medicinal material solution; determining the test solution, the reference substance solution and / or the reference medicinal material solution by adopting a liquid chromatograph; wherein a chromatographic column of the liquid chromatograph takes octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as a stationary phase, methanol as a mobile phase A and water as a mobile phase B for gradient elution, and the reference substances comprise a uracil reference substance, a cytidine reference substance, a hypoxanthine reference substance, a thymine reference substance, a guanosine reference substance and an adenosine reference substance; the extraction solvent is water or a methanol aqueous solution with the concentration of 10-30 vol%. The detection method disclosed by the invention can be used for determining various nucleoside components in the cuttlebone, effectively identifying common counterfeit products and providing a scientific basis for formulating a quality standard of the cuttlebone.

The present application relates to the technical field of anti-collision buffer, and provides an imitation cuttlebone gradient anti-collision plate, an anti-collision buffer bag and a manufacturing method, the imitation cuttlebone gradient anti-collision plate comprises a collision plate and a support plate, the plate surfaces of the collision plate and the support plate are parallel to each other, a plurality of rows of buffer plates are connected between the collision plate and the support plate, one end of the buffer plate connected with the collision plate is a collision end, one end of the buffer plate connected with the support plate is a support end, the curves of the collision end and the support end of the buffer plate present different triangular wave function curves, and the curves of the collision end or the support end of adjacent buffer plates are symmetrically arranged. The present application can disperse the collision energy in a gradient, smooth the collision impact force, and has the advantages of overall light weight, convenient replacement and good economy.

The invention provides a stomach medicine capsule and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, the preparation method comprises the following steps: extracting medicinal materials, crushing, drying, granulating, filling and packaging, extracting elecampane, egg shell, dried alum, calcined nacre mother of pearl and cuttlebone by using drinking water, concentrating decoction into clear paste, spray-drying into fine powder, extracting vinegar-processed corydalis tuber by using an aqueous solution of 1% glacial acetic acid, and packaging. Concentrating the decoction into clear paste, performing one-step granulation on the fine powder and the clear paste, filling capsules, and packaging. According to the stomach medicine capsule prepared by the invention, the production efficiency of granulation and the stability of the main component tetrahydropalmatine are improved.

The application provides a medical three-dimensional nanofiber composite sponge as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of medical fiber sponges. The medical three-dimensional nanofiber composite sponge is mainly composed of three-dimensional nanofibers prepared by gelatin, polylactic acid and genipin crosslinking, and cuttlebone particles attached to the nanofibers. The medical three-dimensional nanofiber composite sponge has a three-dimensional fluffy sponge structure with high porosity, overcomes the poor permeability of traditional electrostatic spinning two-dimensional membranes, is beneficial to rapid blood permeation and coagulation factor enrichment, and simultaneously combines the active coagulation-promoting ability of calcium ion release and chitin of the cuttlebone particles and the rapid liquid absorption and concentration effect of the gelatin, realizes rapid hemostasis after high-pressure bleeding, and can meet the first-aid requirements of high-risk bleeding scenes such as high-pressure pulsatile bleeding. In addition, the medical three-dimensional nanofiber composite sponge has excellent biological safety and healing-promoting function, and the degradation rate and the wound healing period can be well matched.

The application discloses a kind of bionic low wind resistance dust arrestment device, comprising: bionic dust arrestment box, bionic dust arrestment box has dust arrestment cavity, bionic dust arrestment box side is respectively provided with air inlet and air outlet, bionic dust arrestment box is spaced apart and provided with multiple imitation cuttlebone unit columns, and the axis of imitation cuttlebone unit column is respectively parallel with the plane where air inlet is, imitation cuttlebone unit column is gradually increased from head to tail cross section and is arranged, multiple imitation cuttlebone unit column outside is spirally wrapped with at least one imitation shark intestine spiral flow guide band along first preset direction.The microstructure of imitation cuttlebone unit column is simulated to the microstructure of cuttlebone, to further reduce the turbulence of secondary dust-containing airflow, reduce the disturbance of turbulent air mass, the curve of imitation shark intestine spiral flow guide band imitates the characteristic spiral structure of great white shark intestine, increase the surface area of dust-containing airflow boundary boundary layer, effectively consume the kinetic energy of dust haze particulate matter, thereby effectively improve the dust arrestment efficiency.

This invention discloses a high-energy-density multi-layered biomimetic cuttlebone structure, belonging to the field of buffer energy-absorbing structure technology. It comprises: at least two longitudinally stacked chamber units, with a diaphragm between adjacent chamber units; thin-walled units are provided within each chamber unit, extending laterally along the chamber, and composed of thin-walled monomers with different geometric parameters; the cavities of the chamber units are filled with a polymeric elastic material. This invention constructs two-layer and three-layer structures with axial gradient stiffness distribution by controlling the geometric parameters of the thin-walled units. The optimized multi-level structure exhibits clear stepwise buckling failure behavior, high energy-density absorption, and a gradient stress transfer path.

The present invention discloses a skin with a multiple biomimetic impact-resistant composite structure, wherein both the outer and inner impact-resistant layers are composed of a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite woven laminate layer and a plurality of bone-like structural layers; the bone-like structural layer comprises a unidirectional glass fiber corrugated plate, a unidirectional glass fiber support plate, and a plurality of bone-like units; the bone-like units comprise a carbon fiber tube, a filled carbon tube, and an epoxy resin; the carbon fiber tube is designed to imitate the cross-section of the bone structure and the feather shaft, and the carbon tube is filled with a gradient density distribution of carbon tubes inside the carbon fiber tube; the middle energy-absorbing layer is provided with a plurality of through-hole groups distributed in concentric circles, imitating the structure of antler bones, with the through-hole radius of each through-hole group gradually decreasing from the inside to the outside, and the through-holes are divided into separate small spaces by partitions, imitating the structure of cuttlebone. The present invention adopts multiple biomimetic composite materials, so that the skin structure has a higher ability to resist damage, absorb energy, and disperse energy when facing the impact of harsh environments, and has a higher lightness.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating gastroesophageal reflux. The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from rhizoma bletillae, bulbus fritillariae thunbergii, cuttlebone, calcined concha arcae, fructus amomi and the like. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has the effects of relieving hyperacidity and pain, and regulating qi and harmonizing stomach. The traditional Chinese medicine composition disclosed by the invention has an excellent clinical effect in treating the gastroesophageal reflux disease, is mild in medicine property of the whole formula, is suitable for various syndromes of the gastroesophageal reflux disease, and is particularly suitable for patients with heartburn, sour regurgitation and belching, chest distress, inappetence, vomiting, throat discomfort, light red tongue, white fur and slippery pulse caused by phlegm-heat and qi stagnation.

This invention relates to a 3D-printed cuttlebone elastic hemostatic scaffold and its construction method. Existing hemostatic materials suffer from problems such as effectiveness only for mild to moderate bleeding, significant side effects, poor biocompatibility, and the need for compression and wound closure. This method involves dissolving a prepolymer of polyglycerol sebacate and polycaprolactone in tetrahydrofuran to prepare a polymer solution. Sodium chloride particles and cuttlebone powder are added and heated and stirred to obtain the 3D printing ink. This ink is then placed in a 3D printer to print sheet-like and block-like mesh scaffolds. The mesh scaffolds are then placed in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum thermal cross-linking. After cross-linking, they are immersed in distilled water for washing and desalting, and then freeze-dried to obtain the hemostatic scaffold. The hemostatic scaffold of this invention is particularly suitable for systemic lacunar wounds with deep bleeding sites that are difficult to control with compression. By combining a biodegradable elastic biopolymer with the traditional hemostatic drug cuttlebone powder, it possesses advantages such as porosity, elastic memory, rapid hemostasis, compressibility, and biodegradability.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating gastroesophageal reflux and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of ochre, 2-8 parts of inula flower, 5-15 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 3-9 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 10-30 parts of cuttlebone, 5-15 parts of thunberg fritillary bulb, 10-20 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 5-15 parts of fructus aurantii, 5-15 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 3-9 parts of rhizoma bletillae, 1-4 parts of fructus evodiae and 2-9 parts of coptis chinensis. The traditional Chinese medicine composition plays a role through multiple targets, can treat gastroesophageal reflux fundamentally, and avoids relapse.

The invention provides a method for capturing and detecting polystyrene nano-plastics, and the capturing method comprises the following steps: adding a cuttlebone derived organic matter membrane into a liquid sample containing the polystyrene nano-plastics, and standing, so that the polystyrene nano-plastics are captured by the cuttlebone derived organic matter membrane. The detection method comprises the following steps: adding silver nanoparticles into a liquid sample containing polystyrene nano plastic, then adding a cuttlebone derived organic matter membrane into the liquid sample, standing, then taking out the cuttlebone derived organic matter membrane, and detecting by adopting Raman spectrum. According to the invention, high-efficiency capture and high-sensitivity detection of PS NPs with different concentrations and sizes can be realized, an integrated solution is provided for monitoring of nano plastic pollutants in natural water bodies such as seawater, and the method has important practical application value.

The invention relates to the technical field of medicine, in particular to a multifunctional cuttlebone microneedle patch and a preparation method thereof. The multifunctional cuttlebone microneedle patch provided by the invention is composed of a needle body layer and a backing layer. The needle body layer is loaded with cuttlebone decalcified powder and silver nanoparticles; and the backing layer is made of chitosan hydrogel. The multifunctional cuttlebone microneedle patch provided by the invention has good biological activity, can continuously release silver ions (Ag < + >) and active ingredients, can remarkably inhibit related bacteria in vitro, prolong antibacterial aging and promote cell proliferation, migration and vascularization, and in-vivo results show that the patch can accelerate wound healing, promote collagen deposition and blood vessel maturation and relieve inflammation.

The invention discloses a bionic pressure-resistant cylinder based on cuttlebone, the bionic pressure-resistant cylinder sequentially comprises a central cylinder and a plurality of layers of laminates in concentric circle configuration from inside to outside, each layer of laminates is provided with an inner wall, the inner wall is an asymmetric S-shaped wave wall, and the inner wall is provided with a plurality of grooves. A cavity defined by the laminates and the asymmetric S-shaped wave walls extends in the axial direction of the cylinder. The invention further discloses application of the bionic pressure-resistant cylinder to an underwater lighting module, a deep-sea unmanned underwater vehicle AUV / ROV shell, a conveying pipeline or a buried pipeline. The space stability and the omnidirectional water pressure resistance of the bionic pressure-resistant cylinder are remarkably enhanced, and the problem that light weight and high pressure resistance are difficult to consider due to the fact that a cylindrical material is prone to buckling is solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of anti-collision buffering, and provides a cuttlebone-imitated gradient anti-collision plate, an anti-collision buffering bag and a manufacturing method.The cuttlebone-imitated gradient anti-collision plate comprises a collision plate body and a supporting plate body, the plate face of the collision plate body is parallel to the plate face of the supporting plate body, and a plurality of rows of buffering plate bodies are connected between the collision plate body and the supporting plate body; the ends, connected with the collision plate, of the buffer plates are collision ends, the ends, connected with the supporting plate, of the buffer plates are supporting ends, curves of the collision ends and the supporting ends of the buffer plates present different triangular wave function curves, and the curves of the collision ends or the supporting ends of the adjacent buffer plates are symmetrically arranged. Collision energy can be dispersed in a gradient mode, collision impact force is smoothly attenuated, the whole light weight is achieved, replacement is convenient, and economical efficiency is good.

This invention discloses a medicinal and edible homologous composition with gastric mucosa maintenance function, its application, and preparation method. The composition, by weight, comprises 3-1000 parts of yam, 3-1000 parts of cuttlebone, 3-1000 parts of dandelion, 3-1000 parts of corydalis, 3-1000 parts of bletilla, 3-1000 parts of honey, and 3-1000 parts of glutinous rice. The medicinal and edible homologous composition of this invention is scientifically formulated, and through a specific preparation method, establishes a "microorganism-organism" symbiotic system, achieving a qualitative change from physical mixing to biological synergy in the composition. This enhances the gastric mucosa's self-defense and maintenance capabilities, achieving a long-term conditioning effect combining treatment and maintenance.

This invention belongs to the field of energy-absorbing materials technology and discloses a biomimetic graded energy-absorbing arresting block for aircraft emergency landing arresting beds. The arresting block includes a top protective layer, a buffer transition layer, a main energy-absorbing layer, a lateral wrapping constraint layer, and a bottom support layer. The main energy-absorbing layer is composed of multiple cylindrical arresting units arranged in an array. Each unit, from the outside in, sequentially incorporates a biomimetic cuttlebone structure, a bamboo-lotus root hexahedral biomimetic structure, a tetralobed capsule radial structure, and a central torsional energy-dissipating structure. This invention achieves a multi-level energy absorption mechanism through the synergy of multiple biomimetic structures: outer layer meshing and limiting, middle layer progressive energy absorption, zoned constraint support, and central stable platform energy dissipation, forming a continuous energy absorption process of "peak shaving—graded energy absorption—transitional support—delayed densification." Compared with the sum of the energy absorption of individual structures, the energy absorption synergy of the complete cylindrical arresting unit achieves a 19.5% increase, exhibiting advantages such as a stable crushing process, a long energy absorption platform, good overall stability, and strong engineering adaptability.

The invention provides traditional Chinese medicine powder for treating oral ulcer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine preparations. The traditional Chinese medicine powder is prepared from the following raw medicinal materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 10-20 parts of indigo naturalis, 15-25 parts of calcined cuttlebone, 5-12 parts of catechu, 1-3 parts of menthol, 1-4 parts of borneol, 10-18 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 6-12 parts of liquorice and pharmaceutically acceptable powder auxiliary materials, has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving swelling and pain, removing slough and promoting tissue regeneration, and tonifying qi and healing sore, can quickly relieve pain, and is free of toxic and side effects. The ulcer healing time is obviously shortened, the local immunity can be regulated, and the recurrence frequency is reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating hypergastric secretion related diseases, a traditional Chinese medicine preparation and a preparation method and application thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 18 to 22 parts of poria cocos, 10 to 14 parts of rhizoma corydalis, 7 to 11 parts of fructus amomi, 7 to 11 parts of radix aucklandiae, 7 to 11 parts of fructus aurantii, 2 to 6 parts of fructus evodiae, 3 to 7 parts of rhizoma coptidis, 4 to 8 parts of rhizoma zingiberis, 18 to 22 parts of concha arcae, 18 to 20 parts of cuttlebone, 28 to 32 parts of oyster and 18 to 22 parts of malt. Through scientific compatibility of the poria cocos, the rhizoma corydalis, the fructus amomi, the radix aucklandiae, the fructus aurantii, the fructus evodiae, the rhizoma coptidis, the rhizoma zingiberis, the concha arcae, the cuttlebone, the oyster and the malt, the obtained traditional Chinese medicine composition has the effect of inhibiting or treating hyperacidity.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. The method comprises the following steps: performing reflux extraction on perilla stem, rhizoma cyperi, fructus aurantii and pericarpium citri reticulatae with ethanol to obtain first thick paste; decoction dregs and other medicinal materials (part of thunberg fritillary bulb and cuttlebone) are decocted with water, and a concentrated solution is subjected to alcohol precipitation and impurity removal to obtain third thick paste; and finally, mixing the two kinds of thick paste with the medicinal material powder and the auxiliary materials, and performing granulation. According to the invention, through a process of combining alcohol extraction with alcohol precipitation, the content of active ingredients such as total flavonoids and total saponins in the extract is remarkably increased, impurities are reduced, the dosage of auxiliary materials is reduced, and the formability and stability of the preparation are improved. Animal experiments show that the traditional Chinese medicine prepared by the method has a better curative effect in the aspect of treating the gastroesophageal reflux disease.

This invention relates to the field of biomedical natural material preparation technology, and particularly to an extraction process for cuttlebone organic membranes. Using natural cuttlebone as raw material, this invention provides three stable and controllable organic membrane preparation methods: hydrochloric acid method, phosphoric acid method, and EDTA method. The resulting cuttlebone organic membrane (CDOM) retains the natural original grooved porous structure, excellent hydrophilicity, and mechanical strength. The raw materials are readily available, the process is simple, and it can be stably replicated, making it a high-quality base material for bone repair medical materials.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a cobalt-nitrogen doped carbon nano composite material based on a cuttlebone template, and relates to the field of environment functional materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, using ultrapure water to wash and remove cuttlebones, removing viscous impurities and shells on the top surfaces of the cuttlebones, and drying the cleaned cuttlebones in a vacuum environment of 60 DEG C for 10 hours to obtain dried cuttlebones; cutting and decomposing the dried cuttlefish bones into blocks of 0.5 cm * 0.5 cm * 0.5 cm, immersing the cut cuttlefish bone blocks into a 0.1 mol / L-1 hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 15 minutes, washing the pickled cuttlefish bone blocks with ultrapure water until the cuttlefish bone blocks are neutral, and drying to obtain pretreated cuttlefish bones; according to the invention, the natural cuttlebone is used as the template, and the natural three-dimensional porous skeleton structure of the natural cuttlebone is used for replacing the traditional artificially synthesized template, so that the preparation cost is obviously reduced, the biomass resource utilization is realized, and the defect that the traditional template needs an additional pore-forming process is avoided in combination with the self-supporting structure characteristic of the natural cuttlebone.

This invention provides a cuttlebone-derived material, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the technical field of water purification. In this invention, cuttlebone is mainly composed of calcium carbonate and chitin complex protein. Lead has a strong coordination effect with the hydroxyl and amino functional groups on chitin, and lead is adsorbed by calcium carbonate through ion exchange and surface precipitation. Furthermore, the natural macroporous structure of cuttlebone facilitates rapid and efficient lead adsorption. Calcination at 500°C in the absence of oxygen causes the calcium carbonate component in the cuttlebone to transform from an aragonite crystal form to a calcite crystal form. The calcite crystal form has a stronger ion exchange capacity for lead than the aragonite crystal form, thus improving the adsorption performance of the cuttlebone raw material.

The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, a medicinal preparation and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of medicines. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components: seaweed, kelp, cuttlebone, yam rhizome, salvia miltiorrhiza, radix scrophulariae, dandelion, semen cuscutae and semen plantaginis. The traditional Chinese medicine composition and the medicinal preparation provided by the invention have the effects of removing stasis, removing stasis, promoting diuresis and removing turbidity, can be used for treating chronic prostatitis damp-heat stasis syndrome and prostatic hyperplasia with nodule formation, and are obvious in damp-heat stasis resistance.

The present application belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing. The present application provides a kind of soft filling method of bionic cuttlebone double-layer structure, comprising the following steps: component A is mixed with component B, to obtain homogeneous precursor slurry;Then the homogeneous precursor slurry is placed in a centrifuge, and centrifugal defoaming is carried out under room temperature conditions;Finally, the defoamed gel is injected into the inside of bionic cuttlebone structure, to obtain a bionic cuttlebone double-layer soft filling structure.The present application can significantly improve the energy absorption capacity by filling the gel in the bionic multi-chamber structure, and the gel material effectively suppresses the splashing of fragments, avoiding secondary damage caused by high-speed splashing.Not only the energy absorption efficiency of the structure is strengthened, but also the safety and environmental adaptability during service are improved.