The invention relates to the field of ships, and particularly discloses a ship bottom structure and a fatigue life computing method thereof. The ship bottom structure comprises an inner bottom longitudinal bone, an outer bottom longitudinal bone, a reinforcing rib and a rib plate, wherein the outer bottom longitudinal bone is parallel to the inner bottom longitudinal bone, the reinforcing rib is connected with the inner bottom longitudinal bone and the outer bottom longitudinal bone, and the rib plate is connected to one side of the reinforcing rib; and the two ends, in the height direction, of the rib plate are connected to the inner bottom longitudinal bone and the outer bottom longitudinal bone correspondingly, and the rib plate is a flat plate. According to the ship bottom structure, the rib plate is the flat plate, compared with a rib plate structure in the prior art, the rib plate in the ship bottom structure does not need to be provided with a toggle plate, the rigid requirement for the inner bottom longitudinal bone and the outer bottom longitudinal bone of the ship bottom structure can be met by adopting the rib plate, the weight of the structure is lowered, the structural form is simplified, the welding workload is reduced greatly, the construction efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, due to the fact that the toggle plate does not need to be arranged, the weight of a ship is lowered, and the production cost of the ship bottom structure is further saved.