The invention discloses an elliptical tube H-shaped fin heat exchanger for waste heat recovery. The elliptical tube H-shaped fin heat exchanger comprises an elliptical heat exchange tube, a plurality of groups of H-shaped fins and a heat exchanger surface, wherein the H-shaped fins are sleeved on the surface of the heat exchange tube; the heat exchanger surface consists of non-uniform triangular small wings, which are elliptically arranged, on the surfaces of the H-shaped fins around the elliptical heat exchange tube. When dusty flue gas flows through the surfaces of the H-shaped fins, the small wings disturb the fluid to enhance the heat exchange on the tube wall and the downstream side, and meanwhile, the deposition of particles on the tube wall is reduced; the pressure drop can be reduced by the elliptical tube while the particle adhesion is reduced. A plurality of longitudinal vortexes are arranged in a non-uniform manner; at the front and rear edges of the wing, the size of the small wings and the windward attack angle are larger; on the middle parts of the H-shaped fins, the size of the small wings and the attack angle are smaller; by using the device, the heat exchange surface in different flow states can be enhanced respectively, the heat exchange of the fins are effectively enhanced, the pressure drop is reduced, and the deposition of dust particles in the flue gas on the heat exchange surface is reduced, so that the heat exchanger can operate efficiently for a long time in the dusty flue gas.