The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an underwater habitat observation device for an aquaculture system. The underwater habitat observation device for the aquaculture system comprises an underwater camera, a telescopic operation rod, a camera bracket, a twine, a battery and a blinder type VR viewer. The underwater camera is connected with the telescopic operation rod by the camera bracket, and can rotate by 360 degrees; the twine of a power line and an image transmission line extends out of the inside of the underwater camera, and passes through the inside of the telescopic operation rod; the battery is connected with the underwater camera by the power line; and the blinder type VR viewer is connected with the image transmission line. According to the underwater habitat observation device for the aquaculture system, which is disclosed by the invention, an underwater viewing distance and definition are improved by adopting an LED warm light so as to assist the micro camera in clearly shooting an underwater image and implement clear observation on aquatic livestock and an environmental state in a state that aquiculture water is turbid; and meanwhile, the underwater habitat observation device is not influenced by weak light at night and hard light on daytime. The device disclosed by the invention has an important reference effect on aquaculture management and disease control and prevention.